数智农田构建关键技术装备及展望
S232.9; 现代数智化技术装备使农田生产管理场景多元化,该研究依托中国农业大学超高产种植制度科技小院的智慧技术示范基地,集成大数据、物联网、云计算和人工智能等技术,应用农情监测站、水肥微喷带灌溉、病虫害管理、智能作业装备、种植管理及溯源等系统,建立人-机-作物全要素生产的监测、管控和决策云平台,构建作物-农艺-农机信息融合模式,实现农作物的生产信息采集、科学种植、机械作业、智能管理及追溯,达到了农作物质优产高、高效安全的生产目标.构建的数智农田较传统农田减少人力成本约50％,农药减量约30％,肥料节省15％～25％,较常规灌溉节水50％、滴灌节水20％～30％,实现单位面积增产约15％～2...
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| Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 40; no. 23; pp. 1 - 14 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
中国农业大学理学院,北京 100193
01.12.2024
中国农业大学农业无人机系统研究院,北京 100193%中国农业大学理学院,北京 100193%中国农业大学农学院,北京 100193%中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083%中国农业大学农业无人机系统研究院,北京 100193%山东齐力新农业服务有限公司,德州 253000 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1002-6819 |
| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202407107 |
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| Abstract | S232.9; 现代数智化技术装备使农田生产管理场景多元化,该研究依托中国农业大学超高产种植制度科技小院的智慧技术示范基地,集成大数据、物联网、云计算和人工智能等技术,应用农情监测站、水肥微喷带灌溉、病虫害管理、智能作业装备、种植管理及溯源等系统,建立人-机-作物全要素生产的监测、管控和决策云平台,构建作物-农艺-农机信息融合模式,实现农作物的生产信息采集、科学种植、机械作业、智能管理及追溯,达到了农作物质优产高、高效安全的生产目标.构建的数智农田较传统农田减少人力成本约50％,农药减量约30％,肥料节省15％～25％,较常规灌溉节水50％、滴灌节水20％～30％,实现单位面积增产约15％～25％、增效约25％,解决了传统农田的作物信息获取难、管护不及时,机械化程度低等问题,基本实现了农田作物生产的信息化、机械化和智能化作业. |
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| AbstractList | S232.9; 现代数智化技术装备使农田生产管理场景多元化,该研究依托中国农业大学超高产种植制度科技小院的智慧技术示范基地,集成大数据、物联网、云计算和人工智能等技术,应用农情监测站、水肥微喷带灌溉、病虫害管理、智能作业装备、种植管理及溯源等系统,建立人-机-作物全要素生产的监测、管控和决策云平台,构建作物-农艺-农机信息融合模式,实现农作物的生产信息采集、科学种植、机械作业、智能管理及追溯,达到了农作物质优产高、高效安全的生产目标.构建的数智农田较传统农田减少人力成本约50％,农药减量约30％,肥料节省15％～25％,较常规灌溉节水50％、滴灌节水20％～30％,实现单位面积增产约15％～25％、增效约25％,解决了传统农田的作物信息获取难、管护不及时,机械化程度低等问题,基本实现了农田作物生产的信息化、机械化和智能化作业. |
| Abstract_FL | Digital intelligent technology and equipment have been widely applied in the diversified scenarios of agricultural production in farmland.This study aims to introduce the overall architecture and technical implementation into modern digital intelligence,according to the current high-standard farmland.A summary was given on the concept,principles,and construction of digital intelligent farmland.The current status was also analyzed to prospect the trend of digital intelligent farmland in China.The smart farmland technology demonstration base greatly contributed to promoting the construction of high-standard farmland.Firstly,there were the actual production needs of agricultural crops in the intelligent technology demonstration base of Qihe County's digital intelligent ultrahigh-yield planting system science and technology college of China Agricultural University.Various environmental,soil,pest and disease,water,and fertilizer information sensors were also equipped with intelligent technology to support mechanized equipment.A digital system of application technology was integrated for the wheat and maize smart farmland,such as big data,the Internet of Things,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence.The digital intelligent ultrahigh-yield was achieved in the real-time and accurate acquisition of long-term information data on the wheat and corn through field environment stations and multispectral video,according to the actual production needs.There was accurate correlation data of multi-dimensional production,such as farmland vegetation,crop growth status,environmental indicators,and trends.The collection was obtained in the production information,scientific planting,unmanned mechanized operation,intelligent management,and full process visualization traceability of wheat and maize crops in digital intelligent ultrahigh-yield planting farmland.The technological equipment and systems were applied,including farmland agricultural information acquisition and monitoring,water and fertilizer integrated micro spray hose irrigation,intelligent pest and disease management,intelligent operation key equipment and technology,planting management,and traceability.An intelligent monitoring,control,and decision-making cloud platform was established for the total factor production of human-machine crops.Production management depended mainly on the international standard,intelligent,scientific,and green wheat and maize rotation planting modes,and technical equipment.An organic integration was also established for crop information,agricultural technology,and agricultural machinery for crop production,planting,and management decision-making.Grain production capacity was improved through a digital super high-yield farmland model.Full traceability aims to achieve high-quality agricultural materials,high yields efficient and safe production.The digital intelligent farming production and management model was implemented in the traditional farmland.Labor costs were reduced by about 50％,pesticide usage by about 30％,fertilizer savings by 15％-25％,and water savings by 50％in conventional irrigation,and 20％-30％in drip irrigation.There was a yield increase of about 15％-25％per unit area and an efficiency increase of about 25％.Crop information acquisition was realized for the timely management and maintenance at the high mechanization level in farmland.The informatization,mechanization,and intelligent operation of farmland crop production were basically achieved in the standardized,digitized,and traceable management of the entire process of wheat and maize crop production.The digital intelligent ultrahigh-yield can provide the scientific decision-making and theoretical mode of super high-yield planting for crop production management in farmland.A leading demonstration role was obtained in the construction and promotion of high-standard farmland in China.The significant progress can also provide a strong reference to greatly assist the rapid development of digitalization levels in farmland. |
| Author | 陈源泉 何雄奎 方舟 王昌陵 高旺盛 全春夏 刘亚佳 李朝纲 余忠义 曾爱军 宋坚利 严海军 张国山 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 中国农业大学理学院,北京 100193;中国农业大学农业无人机系统研究院,北京 100193%中国农业大学理学院,北京 100193%中国农业大学农学院,北京 100193%中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083%中国农业大学农业无人机系统研究院,北京 100193%山东齐力新农业服务有限公司,德州 253000 |
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| Author_FL | HE Xiongkui ZHANG Guoshan QUAN Chunxia LI Chaogang ZENG Aijun GAO Wangsheng CHEN Yuanquan SONG Jianli LIU Yajia YU Zhongyi YAN Haijun WANG Changling FANG Zhou |
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| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 fullname: 余忠义 – sequence: 2 fullname: 全春夏 – sequence: 3 fullname: 方舟 – sequence: 4 fullname: 何雄奎 – sequence: 5 fullname: 刘亚佳 – sequence: 6 fullname: 高旺盛 – sequence: 7 fullname: 陈源泉 – sequence: 8 fullname: 严海军 – sequence: 9 fullname: 曾爱军 – sequence: 10 fullname: 宋坚利 – sequence: 11 fullname: 王昌陵 – sequence: 12 fullname: 张国山 – sequence: 13 fullname: 李朝纲 |
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| Keywords | intelligent operating equipment 农作物 digital intelligent agriculture ultrahigh-yield farmland traceability system 智能作业装备 溯源系统 云平台 数智超高产农田 信息获取技术系统 cloud platform crop information acquisition technology |
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