Non-negative Locality-Constrained Linear Coding for Image Classification

• Published in: Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering. Image and Video Data Engineering Vol. 9242; pp. 462 - 471
• Main Authors: Liu, GuoJun, Liu, Yang, Guo, MaoZu, Liu, PeiNa, Wang, ChunYu
• Format: Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Springer International Publishing AG 2015; Springer International Publishing
• Series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science
• Subjects: Graphics programming; Image classification; Image processing; Locality-constrained Linear Coding (LLC); Non-negative constraint; Pattern recognition; Spatial Pyramid Matching (SPM)
• ISBN: 9783319239873; 3319239872
• ISSN: 0302-9743; 1611-3349
• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23989-7_47

The most important issue of image classification algorithm based on feature extraction is how to efficiently encode features. Locality-constrained linear coding (LLC) has achieved the state of the art performance on several benchmarks, due to its underlying properties of better construction and local smooth sparsity. However, the negative code may make LLC more unstable. In this paper, a novel coding scheme is proposed by adding an extra non-negative constraint based on LLC. Generally, the new model can be solved by iterative optimization methods. Moreover, to reduce the encoding time, an approximated method called NNLLC is proposed, more importantly, its computational complexity is similar to LLC. On several widely used image datasets, compared with LLC, the experimental results demonstrate that NNLLC not only can improve the classification accuracy by about 1–4 percent, but also can run as fast as LLC.