주요 국가별 제조분야 기업들의 국외 / 국내 직접배출량 비율 분석을 통해 살펴본 탄소누출 시사점

• Published in: 한국기후변화학회지 Vol. 15; no. 51; pp. 653 - 664
• Main Authors: 장원미(Jang, Won Mi), 정수종(Jeong, Su Jong), 장동영(Chang, Dong Yeong), 송홍선(Song, HongSun), 서상원(Suh, Sang Won)
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 한국기후변화학회 01.10.2024
• Subjects: 학제간연구; Corporate Emission; Carbon Leakage; CBAM; Emission Manufacturing; CDP
• ISSN: 2093-5919; 2586-2782
• DOI: 10.15531/KSCCR.2024.15.5.653

As the burden of achieving carbon neutrality increases, concerns about carbon leakage - where high-emission facilities are relocated abroad or outsourced to evade regulations - are increasing. To counter this, Europe has introduced the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), impacting international trade. This study examines potential carbon leakage in South Korea's manufacturing sector using global corporate carbon emissions data from the Carbon Disclosure Project from 2018 ~ 2022. The analysis covers manufacturing companies from Germany, France, Italy, the UK, the USA, South Korea, Japan, and India, focusing on their direct domestic and foreign emissions (SCOPE 1). Results show that the average proportion of foreign emissions compared to domestic emissions over five years was 31.3% for Germany, 56.0% for France, and 53.8% for Italy, with the UK having an exceptionally large proportion of 106.9%. In South Korea, the proportion was 23.7%, lower than in European countries, while that in India was only 0.1%, indicating that most emissions occur domestically. Japan and the USA had proportions of 49.3% and 39.7%, respectively. Additionally, while European and American companies' foreign emissions are distributed across various countries, 77.7% of South Korea's foreign emissions occur in China. This study highlights that advanced European countries have higher foreign emissions levels compared to South Korea or India, primarily in non-EU countries. This indicates potential carbon leakage, providing reference for international regulations to achieve carbon neutrality and to protect domestic industries. South Korean companies’ high dependence on China for foreign emissions suggests the need for strategic planning in future policy developments. KCI Citation Count: 0