CT findings of gallbladder metastases: emphasis on differences according to primary tumors

• Published in: Korean journal of radiology Vol. 15; no. 3; pp. 334 - 345
• Main Authors: Choi, Won Seok, Kim, Se Hyung, Lee, Eun Sun, Lee, Kyoung-Bun, Yoon, Won Jae, Shin, Cheong-Il, Han, Joon Koo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) The Korean Society of Radiology 01.05.2014; 대한영상의학회
• Subjects: Adenocarcinoma - diagnostic imaging; Adenocarcinoma - pathology; Adenocarcinoma - secondary; Adult; Aged; Autopsies; Bile ducts; Cancer; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - diagnostic imaging; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - secondary; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - diagnostic imaging; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - pathology; Carcinoma, Renal Cell - secondary; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - diagnostic imaging; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - secondary; Cholecystectomy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gallbladder; Gallbladder diseases; Gallbladder Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Gallbladder Neoplasms - pathology; Gallbladder Neoplasms - secondary; Histology; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms - pathology; Laboratories; Liver Neoplasms - pathology; Male; Medical imaging; Medical prognosis; Melanoma; Melanoma - diagnostic imaging; Melanoma - pathology; Melanoma - secondary; Metastasis; Middle Aged; Morphology; Neoplasm Invasiveness - diagnostic imaging; Patients; Retrospective Studies; Sensors; Stomach Neoplasms - pathology; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tumors; 방사선과학; United States > US; Japan; CT; Gallbladder; Metastasis; MRI; Neoplasms
• ISSN: 1229-6929; 2005-8330; 2005-8330
• DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2014.15.3.334

To describe computed tomography (CT) features of metastatic gallbladder (GB) tumors (MGTs) from various primary tumors and to determine whether there are differential imaging features of MGTs according to different primary tumors. Twenty-one patients who had pathologically confirmed MGTs and underwent CT were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical findings including presenting symptoms, type of surgery, and interval between primary and metastatic tumors were recorded. Histologic features of primary tumor and MGTs including depth of invasion were also reviewed. Imaging findings were analyzed for the location and morphology of MGTs, pattern and degree of enhancement, depth of invasion, presence of intact overlying mucosa, and concordance between imaging features of primary and metastatic tumors. Significant differences between the histologies of MGTs and imaging features were determined. The most common primary tumor metastasized to the GB was gastric cancer (n = 8), followed by renal cell carcinoma (n = 4) and hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 3). All MGTs (n = 21) manifested as infiltrative wall thickenings (n = 15) or as polypoid lesions (n = 6) on CT, similar to the features of primary GB cancers. There were significant differences in the morphology of MGTs, enhancement pattern, enhancement degree, and depth of invasion according to the histology of primary tumors (p < 0.05). Metastatic adenocarcinomas of the GB manifested as infiltrative and persistently enhancing wall thickenings, while non-adenocarcinomatous metastases usually manifested as polypoid lesions with early wash-in and wash-out. Although CT findings of MGTs are similar to those of primary GB cancer, they are significantly different between the various histologies of primary tumors.