식물 유전자 연구의 최근 동향

• Published in: Journal of plant biotechnology Vol. 37; no. 2; pp. 115 - 124
• Main Authors: 조용구(Yong Gu Cho), 우희종(Hee Jong Woo), 윤웅한(Ung Han Yoon), 김홍식(Hong Sig Kim), 우선희(Sun Hee Woo)
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: Korean Society for Plant Biotechnology 30.06.2010; (사)한국식물생명공학회; 한국식물생명공학회
• Subjects: 농학; insertional mutagenesis; reverse genetics; microarray; proteomics; FOX-hunting system; mutants; gene silencing; gene identification; map-based cloning; Functional genomics; chemical genomics
• ISSN: 1229-2818; 2384-1397

As the completion of genome sequencing, large collection of expression data and the great efforts in annotating plant genomes, the next challenge is to systematically assign functions to all predicted genes in the genome. Functional genome analysis of plants has entered the high-throughput stage. The generations and collections of mutants at the genome-wide level form technological platform of functional genomics. However, to identify the exact function of unknown genes it is necessary to understand each gene's role in the complex orchestration of all gene activities in the plant cell. Gene function analysis therefore necessitates the analysis of temporal and spatial gene expression patterns. The most conclusive information about changes in gene expression levels can be gained from analysis of the varying qualitative and quantitative changes of messenger RNAs, proteins and metabolites. New technologies have been developed to allow fast and highly parallel measurements of these constituents of the cell that make up gene activity. We have reviewed currently employed technologies to identify unknown functions of predicted genes including map-based cloning, insertional mutagenesis, reverse genetics, chemical mutagenesis, microarray analysis, FOX-hunting system, gene silencing mutagenesis, proteomics and chemical genomics. Recent improvements in technologies for functional genomics enable whole-genome functional analysis, and thus open new avenues for studies of the regulations and functions of unknown genes in plants.