朱熹的理氣先後論再考

• Published in: 중국학보 Vol. 113; pp. 443 - 461
• Main Authors: 吳相武, Oh Sangmu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Korean
• Published: 한국중국학회 31.08.2025
• Subjects: Logical priority; Priority between li and qi; temporal priority; 時間在先; 理氣先後; 邏輯在先; 중국어와문학
• ISSN: 1226-850X; 2671-8286
• DOI: 10.35982/jcs.113.17

圍繞對朱熹理氣先後思想的理解, 現代學者提出了不同意見。這裡最有爭議的一點是, 理氣是否 在時間上有先後。實際上, 朱熹有時講在理氣之間似無先後, 有時也講似有先後。因此, 很多現代學者 試圖用各種東西方哲學知識來有條理地解釋朱熹的言辭, 但尚未能得出一個非常令人滿意的解釋。本文 試圖論證, 朱熹關於理氣先後問題的各種言辭看似不一貫(甚至相矛盾), 實則這些言辭都可以做出一貫 性的解讀, 因而朱熹對這一問題的根本立場非常一貫。在論證過程中, 筆者著重於闡明朱熹承認理之時 間在先, 並且, 這一主張與他的另外主張, 即理氣在時間上沒有先後, 並不相衝突。 Modern scholars have presented different views regarding the understanding of Zhu Xi’s thoughts on the priority between li (理) and qi (氣). The most controversial issue here is whether there is a temporal priority between li and qi. In fact, Zhu Xi sometimes speaks as if there is no temporal priority between li and qi, and sometimes he speaks as if there is a temporal priority between the two. This is why many modern scholars have tried to coherently interpret Zhu Xi’s statements using Eastern and Western philosophical knowledge but have not yet been able to come up with a satisfactory interpretation. This article seeks to demonstrate that, though Zhu Xi’s various statements on the issue of priority between li and qi may appear to be inconsistent (or even contradictory), these statements can, in fact, be interpreted consistently, thus Zhu Xi’s fundamental stance on this issue is very consistent. In the process of argumentation, I focus on showing that Zhu Xi admits the temporal priority of li, and that this idea does not conflict with his other claim that there is no temporal priority between li and qi.