学年別比較による看護学生の共感性に関する一考察

• Published in: 日本看護研究学会雑誌 Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 5_81 - 5_86
• Main Authors: 風岡 たま代, 川守田 千秋
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: Japan Society of Nursing Research 2005; 一般社団法人 日本看護研究学会
• Subjects: empathy; nursing education; nursing students; 共感性; 看護学生; 看護教育
• ISSN: 2188-3599; 2189-6100
• DOI: 10.15065/jjsnr.20050921007

This study aims to clarify how the nursing students' empathy is changed by the nursing education. The subjects were the students of nursing Junior College in 1999 and 2001. The Davis' Interpersonal Reactivity Index compared each academic year cross-sectionally along with each of its results. The empathy of the first year students of 1999 and that of the third year students of 2001 were compared diachronically. Both cross-sectional studies show that the empathic concern of the second year students was lowest among the three. The diachronic study shows that the empathy of the first year students in 1999 was not different from that of the students who were in their third year in 2001. It is conceivable that the change of the nursing students' empathy through the nursing education is that the empathic concern becomes lower in the second year and recovers in the third year. In order to foster the empathy, in the education of clinical practice, it is necessary for the nursing students to feel the pain of patients as if it were their own, moreover, it is also necessary to educate them that they feel they would want to reduce the pain of the patients if possible. この研究の目的は，２回の横断的な共感性の学年別比較とその中の経年的な比較によって，看護教育による看護学生の共感性の変化を明らかにすることである。対象は，３年課程看護短期大学の1999年度と2001年度の１，２，３年生であった。方法は，Davisの対人的反応性指標を用い共感性を年度毎に学年別比較し，両年度を対比した。さらに1999年度の１年生と2001年度の３年生の共感性を経年的に比較した。横断的比較の結果，共感的配慮が２年生で低くなることが両年度に同じように認められた。経年的比較の結果，１年生と３年生の共感性は変わらなかった。従って，看護教育による看護学生の共感性の変化は，共感的配慮が２年生で一時的に低下し３年生で戻ると考えられた。共感性を育成するためには，臨地実習において，患者の苦痛を自分のことのように感じ，できれば軽減してあげたいと思えるような教育が必要である。