弱視学生支援サービスに対する健常学生の妥当性評価とそれに及ぼす個人要因の影響

• Published in: 高等教育と障害 Vol. 1; no. 1; pp. 13 - 23
• Main Authors: AIBA Daisuke, 奈良 里紗
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: AHEAD JAPAN 2019; 一般社団法人全国高等教育障害学生支援協議会
• Subjects: disability disclosure; help-seeking behavior; reasonable accommodation; students with low vision; support services; 合理的配慮; 弱視学生; 援助要請; 支援サービス; 障害開示
• ISSN: 2434-6357
• DOI: 10.34322/jhed.1.13

This research project examined the impact of nondisabled college students' individual factors on their attitude toward support services for students with low vison, specifically in evaluating the validity of particular services. In all, 418 nondisabled students participated in the investigation. We set up a scenario in which the students with low vision were asking the university administration for reasonable accommodation in campus facilities; we then asked the participants to answer a questionnaire regarding newly introduced low-vision support services for disabled students. Our factor analysis on the collected answers showed that services can be categorized into classroom support, grade assessment, and organizational support, which revealed the multidimensionality of the service content. We investigated participants’ individual factors (presence/absence of conversation with the disabled, friends with the disabled, interests on support services, and desired job types) and examined how these characteristics affected their evaluation of the validity of the support services by using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). We found that the effect of interests and job type factors were evident in all support services. Comparing one group with a keen interest in the subject with a group without it, or a group that wishes to have support jobs with one that wishes to have general jobs, the former of both showed a more positive attitude toward support services. Conversation with disabled peers, on the other hand, showed an apparent effect only on organizational support, and the group had conversation with the disabled showed a more positive response than the non-experienced group. The results suggested the need and importance of positive encouragement by disabled students themselves in improving and expanding the support system. 本研究の目的は，弱視学生支援サービスに対する健常学生の態度構造を検討した上で，弱視学生支援サービスの妥当性評価に及ぼす健常学生の個人要因の影響を検討することであった。調査協力者は418名の健常学生であり，弱視学生が大学に合理的配慮を要請する場面を設定した上で，新たに作成した弱視学生支援サービス項目への回答を求めた。因子分析の結果，弱視学生支援サービスは授業支援，成績評価，組織支援に区別でき，内容の多次元性が明らかにされた。各支援サービスに対する健常学生の妥当性評価に及ぼす個人要因（会話・友人・関心・職種）の影響を多元配置分散分析により検討したところ，関心と希望職種の影響はすべての支援サービスに見い出され，関心の有群は無群よりも，また，支援職群は一般職群よりも態度が肯定的であった。一方，会話の影響は組織支援だけに見い出され，経験の有群は無群よりも態度が肯定的であり，支援体制の整備・拡充において弱視学生自らの働きかけの重要性が明らかにされた。