UNO Is Hard, Even for a Single Player
UNO $\mbox{}^{\scriptsize\textregistered}$ is one of the world-wide well-known and popular card games. We investigate UNO from the viewpoint of combinatorial algorithmic game theory by giving some simple and concise mathematical models for it. They include cooperative and uncooperative versions of U...
        Saved in:
      
    
          | Published in | Fun with Algorithms Vol. 6099; pp. 133 - 144 | 
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , | 
| Format | Book Chapter | 
| Language | English | 
| Published | 
        Germany
          Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
    
        2010
     Springer Berlin Heidelberg  | 
| Series | Lecture Notes in Computer Science | 
| Online Access | Get full text | 
| ISBN | 9783642131219 3642131212  | 
| ISSN | 0302-9743 1611-3349  | 
| DOI | 10.1007/978-3-642-13122-6_15 | 
Cover
| Summary: | UNO $\mbox{}^{\scriptsize\textregistered}$ is one of the world-wide well-known and popular card games. We investigate UNO from the viewpoint of combinatorial algorithmic game theory by giving some simple and concise mathematical models for it. They include cooperative and uncooperative versions of UNO, for example. As a result of analyzing their computational complexities, we prove that even a single-player version of UNO is NP-complete, while it becomes in P in some restricted cases. We also show that uncooperative two-player’s version is PSPACE-complete. | 
|---|---|
| Bibliography: | Original Abstract: UNO\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\mbox{}^{\scriptsize\textregistered}$\end{document} is one of the world-wide well-known and popular card games. We investigate UNO from the viewpoint of combinatorial algorithmic game theory by giving some simple and concise mathematical models for it. They include cooperative and uncooperative versions of UNO, for example. As a result of analyzing their computational complexities, we prove that even a single-player version of UNO is NP-complete, while it becomes in P in some restricted cases. We also show that uncooperative two-player’s version is PSPACE-complete. | 
| ISBN: | 9783642131219 3642131212  | 
| ISSN: | 0302-9743 1611-3349  | 
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-3-642-13122-6_15 |