成人の愛着：鳥研究からの考察
「はじめに」Bowlby は乳幼児期の母子関係をもとに愛着理論を形成し, 「危機的状況に際して, 個体が特定の他個体への近接を通して, 主観的な安全の感覚を回復・維持しようとする傾向」を愛着(attachment)と呼んだ. その後, Shaver と Hazan は, 乳幼児期の母子関係と青年・成人期の恋愛や夫婦関係の間に存在する共通項を指摘し, 成人の愛着理論を提唱した. それら共通項は, Bowlby が定義した愛着を具体的な4つの側面から説明したもので, 特定の対象との近接性を求め, 維持しようとする近接維持(proximity maintenance), 特定の対象との分離に対して抵...
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| Published in | 心身健康科学 Vol. 12; no. 2; pp. 58 - 61 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Japanese |
| Published |
日本心身健康科学会
01.09.2016
|
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1882-6881 1882-689X |
| DOI | 10.11427/jhas.12.58 |
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| Abstract | 「はじめに」Bowlby は乳幼児期の母子関係をもとに愛着理論を形成し, 「危機的状況に際して, 個体が特定の他個体への近接を通して, 主観的な安全の感覚を回復・維持しようとする傾向」を愛着(attachment)と呼んだ. その後, Shaver と Hazan は, 乳幼児期の母子関係と青年・成人期の恋愛や夫婦関係の間に存在する共通項を指摘し, 成人の愛着理論を提唱した. それら共通項は, Bowlby が定義した愛着を具体的な4つの側面から説明したもので, 特定の対象との近接性を求め, 維持しようとする近接維持(proximity maintenance), 特定の対象との分離に対して抵抗し, 苦悩する分離苦悩(separation distress), 危険に際し, 特定の対象から安心感を得ようとする安全な避難所(safe haven), 特定の対象の存在によって探索行動などが活発になる安全基地(secure base)である. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | 「はじめに」Bowlby は乳幼児期の母子関係をもとに愛着理論を形成し, 「危機的状況に際して, 個体が特定の他個体への近接を通して, 主観的な安全の感覚を回復・維持しようとする傾向」を愛着(attachment)と呼んだ. その後, Shaver と Hazan は, 乳幼児期の母子関係と青年・成人期の恋愛や夫婦関係の間に存在する共通項を指摘し, 成人の愛着理論を提唱した. それら共通項は, Bowlby が定義した愛着を具体的な4つの側面から説明したもので, 特定の対象との近接性を求め, 維持しようとする近接維持(proximity maintenance), 特定の対象との分離に対して抵抗し, 苦悩する分離苦悩(separation distress), 危険に際し, 特定の対象から安心感を得ようとする安全な避難所(safe haven), 特定の対象の存在によって探索行動などが活発になる安全基地(secure base)である. |
| Author | 藤原, 宏子 |
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| Copyright | 2016 日本心身健康科学会 |
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| References | 11) Eda-Fujiwara H, Kanesada A, Okamoto Y, Satoh R, Watanabe A, Miyamoto T : Long-term maintenance and eventual extinction of preference for a mate's call in the female budgerigar, Anim Behav, 82, 971-979, 2011. 4) Mock DW, Fujioka M : Monogamy and long-term pair bonding in vertebrates, Trends Ecol Evol, 5, 39-43, 1990. 20) Bolhuis JJ, Eda-Fujiwara H : Birdsong and the brain : the syntax of memory, Neuro Report, 21, 395-398, 2010. 24) Krentzel AA, Remage-Healey L : Sex differences and rapid estrogen signalling : A look at songbird audition, Front Neuroendocrin, 38, 37-49, 2015. 3) 木村武二監訳：エソロジー，紀伊國屋書店，1989. : Hinde RA : Ethology -its nature and relations with other sciences-, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1983. 8) 遠藤利彦，谷口弘一，金政祐司，串崎真志監訳：成人のアタッチメント，北大路書房，2008. : Hazan C, Gur-Yaish N, Campa M : What Does It Mean to Be Attached? In Adult attachment : Theory, research, and clinical implications, Ed by Rholes WS, Simpson JA, Guilford Publications, NY, pp.55-85, 2004. 2) Shaver PR and Hazan C : A biased overview of the study of love, J Social Personal Relationships, 5,473-501, 1988. 15) Scheele D, Wille A, Kendrick KM, Stoffel-Wagner B, Becker B, Güntürkün O, Maier W, Hurlemann R : Oxytocin enhances brain reward system responses in men viewing the face of their female partner, Proc Natl Acad Sci, 110, 20308-20313, 2013 14) Takamura T, Nishitani S, Suegami T, Doi H, Kakeyama M, Shinohara K : Developmental changes in the neural responses to own and unfamiliar mother's smiling face throughout puberty, Front Neurosci, 9,200 (doi : 10.3389/fnins.2015.00200) , 2015. 13) 西谷正太，木田哲夫，高村恒人，篠原一之：家族「愛」の神経基盤，分子精神医学，13, 237-242, 2013. 21) 藤原宏子，渡辺愛子，坂口博信：鳥の脳―ヒト言語野相当領域における性差，生物科学，62, 222-230, 2011. 9) Bosch OJ, Nair HP, Ahern TH, Neumann ID, Young LJ : The CRF system mediates increased passive stress-coping behavior following the loss of a bonded partner in a monogamous rodent, Neuropsychopharmacology, 34, 1406-15, 2009. 12) Zeifman D, Hazan C : Attachment : the bond in pairbonds. In Evolutionary social psychology, Ed by Simpson JA, Kenrich DT, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New Jersey, pp. 237-263, 1997. 10) Remage-Healey L, Adkins-Regan E, Romero LM : Behavioral and adrenocortical responses to mate separation and reunion in the zebra finch, Horm Behav. 43, 108-14, 2003. 1) 黒田実郎，大羽蓁，岡田洋子，黒田聖一訳：新版母子関係の理論Ⅰ愛着行動，岩崎学術出版社，1991. : Bowlby J : Attachment and loss, vol. 1, Attachment. Basic books, 1969/1982. 5) Young LJ, Carter CS : Sex differences in affiliative behavior and social bonding. In Sex differences in the brain, Ed by Becker JB, Berkley KJ, Geary N, et al, Oxford University Press, New York, p 139-153, 2008 17) 数井みゆき，アタッチメント理論の概要，pp.1-22，数井みゆき編著アタッチメントの実践と応用―医療・福祉・教育・司法現場からの報告，誠信書房，2012. 6) Klatt JD, Goodson JL : Oxytocin-like receptors mediate pair bonding in a socially monogamous songbird, Proc R Soc B, 280, 20122396, 2012. 22) Eda-Fujiwara H, Satoh S, Hata Y, Yamasaki M, Watanabe A, Zandbergen MA, Okamoto Y, Miyamoto T & Bolhuis JJ : Sex differences in behavioural and neural responsiveness to mate calls in a parrot, Sci Rep, 6, 18481 (doi : 10.1038/srep18481) , 2016. 16) Dehaene-Lambertz G, Montavont A, Jobert A, Allirol L, Dubois J, Hertz-Pannier L, Dehaene S : Language or music, mother or Mozart? Structural and environmental influences on infants'language networks, Brain Lang, 114, 53-65, 2010. 7) Walum H, Westberg L, Henningsson S, Neiderhiser JM, Reiss D, Igl W, Ganiban JM, Spotts EL, Pedersen NL, Eriksson E, Lichtenstein P : Genetic variation in the vasopressin receptor 1a gene (AVPR1A) associates with pair-bonding behavior in humans, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105, 14153-14156, 2008. 23) Moorman S, Mello CV, Bolhuis JJ : From songs to synapses : molecular mechanisms of birdsong memory. Molecular mechanisms of auditory learning in songbirds involve immediate early genes, including zenk and arc, the ERK/MAPK pathway and synapsins, Bioessays, 33, 377-85, 2011. 18) 北澤茂 言語機能構築の性差 Clinical Neuroscience 33, 931-934, 2015. 19) Jarvis ED, Güntürkün O, Bruce L, Csillag A, Karten H, Kuenzel W, Medina L, et al : Avian brains and a new understanding of vertebrate brain evolution, Nat Rev Neurosci, 6, 151-159, 2005. |
| References_xml | – reference: 1) 黒田実郎，大羽蓁，岡田洋子，黒田聖一訳：新版母子関係の理論Ⅰ愛着行動，岩崎学術出版社，1991. : Bowlby J : Attachment and loss, vol. 1, Attachment. Basic books, 1969/1982. – reference: 16) Dehaene-Lambertz G, Montavont A, Jobert A, Allirol L, Dubois J, Hertz-Pannier L, Dehaene S : Language or music, mother or Mozart? Structural and environmental influences on infants'language networks, Brain Lang, 114, 53-65, 2010. – reference: 18) 北澤茂 言語機能構築の性差 Clinical Neuroscience 33, 931-934, 2015. – reference: 7) Walum H, Westberg L, Henningsson S, Neiderhiser JM, Reiss D, Igl W, Ganiban JM, Spotts EL, Pedersen NL, Eriksson E, Lichtenstein P : Genetic variation in the vasopressin receptor 1a gene (AVPR1A) associates with pair-bonding behavior in humans, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105, 14153-14156, 2008. – reference: 14) Takamura T, Nishitani S, Suegami T, Doi H, Kakeyama M, Shinohara K : Developmental changes in the neural responses to own and unfamiliar mother's smiling face throughout puberty, Front Neurosci, 9,200 (doi : 10.3389/fnins.2015.00200) , 2015. – reference: 23) Moorman S, Mello CV, Bolhuis JJ : From songs to synapses : molecular mechanisms of birdsong memory. Molecular mechanisms of auditory learning in songbirds involve immediate early genes, including zenk and arc, the ERK/MAPK pathway and synapsins, Bioessays, 33, 377-85, 2011. – reference: 3) 木村武二監訳：エソロジー，紀伊國屋書店，1989. : Hinde RA : Ethology -its nature and relations with other sciences-, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1983. – reference: 20) Bolhuis JJ, Eda-Fujiwara H : Birdsong and the brain : the syntax of memory, Neuro Report, 21, 395-398, 2010. – reference: 6) Klatt JD, Goodson JL : Oxytocin-like receptors mediate pair bonding in a socially monogamous songbird, Proc R Soc B, 280, 20122396, 2012. – reference: 13) 西谷正太，木田哲夫，高村恒人，篠原一之：家族「愛」の神経基盤，分子精神医学，13, 237-242, 2013. – reference: 17) 数井みゆき，アタッチメント理論の概要，pp.1-22，数井みゆき編著アタッチメントの実践と応用―医療・福祉・教育・司法現場からの報告，誠信書房，2012. – reference: 19) Jarvis ED, Güntürkün O, Bruce L, Csillag A, Karten H, Kuenzel W, Medina L, et al : Avian brains and a new understanding of vertebrate brain evolution, Nat Rev Neurosci, 6, 151-159, 2005. – reference: 22) Eda-Fujiwara H, Satoh S, Hata Y, Yamasaki M, Watanabe A, Zandbergen MA, Okamoto Y, Miyamoto T & Bolhuis JJ : Sex differences in behavioural and neural responsiveness to mate calls in a parrot, Sci Rep, 6, 18481 (doi : 10.1038/srep18481) , 2016. – reference: 2) Shaver PR and Hazan C : A biased overview of the study of love, J Social Personal Relationships, 5,473-501, 1988. – reference: 24) Krentzel AA, Remage-Healey L : Sex differences and rapid estrogen signalling : A look at songbird audition, Front Neuroendocrin, 38, 37-49, 2015. – reference: 10) Remage-Healey L, Adkins-Regan E, Romero LM : Behavioral and adrenocortical responses to mate separation and reunion in the zebra finch, Horm Behav. 43, 108-14, 2003. – reference: 11) Eda-Fujiwara H, Kanesada A, Okamoto Y, Satoh R, Watanabe A, Miyamoto T : Long-term maintenance and eventual extinction of preference for a mate's call in the female budgerigar, Anim Behav, 82, 971-979, 2011. – reference: 12) Zeifman D, Hazan C : Attachment : the bond in pairbonds. In Evolutionary social psychology, Ed by Simpson JA, Kenrich DT, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New Jersey, pp. 237-263, 1997. – reference: 4) Mock DW, Fujioka M : Monogamy and long-term pair bonding in vertebrates, Trends Ecol Evol, 5, 39-43, 1990. – reference: 8) 遠藤利彦，谷口弘一，金政祐司，串崎真志監訳：成人のアタッチメント，北大路書房，2008. : Hazan C, Gur-Yaish N, Campa M : What Does It Mean to Be Attached? In Adult attachment : Theory, research, and clinical implications, Ed by Rholes WS, Simpson JA, Guilford Publications, NY, pp.55-85, 2004. – reference: 15) Scheele D, Wille A, Kendrick KM, Stoffel-Wagner B, Becker B, Güntürkün O, Maier W, Hurlemann R : Oxytocin enhances brain reward system responses in men viewing the face of their female partner, Proc Natl Acad Sci, 110, 20308-20313, 2013 – reference: 5) Young LJ, Carter CS : Sex differences in affiliative behavior and social bonding. In Sex differences in the brain, Ed by Becker JB, Berkley KJ, Geary N, et al, Oxford University Press, New York, p 139-153, 2008 – reference: 9) Bosch OJ, Nair HP, Ahern TH, Neumann ID, Young LJ : The CRF system mediates increased passive stress-coping behavior following the loss of a bonded partner in a monogamous rodent, Neuropsychopharmacology, 34, 1406-15, 2009. – reference: 21) 藤原宏子，渡辺愛子，坂口博信：鳥の脳―ヒト言語野相当領域における性差，生物科学，62, 222-230, 2011. |
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