S01-4.ADHDと愛着障害

「I. はじめに」 少子高齢化が加速度的に進む我が国において, 次世代を担う子どもたちの心身の健康な発達を保証することは何よりの優先課題である. しかし現実には, いじめ, 不登校, 引きこもり, 不安障害, うつ病, 薬物依存, 自殺など, 学校教育に適応できない状態の児童・生徒の数は増加の一途である. 近年, 知的発達に遅れはないものの学習面や行動面で著しい困難を示す児童生徒の割合は6.5%(文部科学省, 2012)と見積もられ, その多くが注意欠如・多動症(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: ADHD), 自閉スペクトラム症(Autism...

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Published in児童青年精神医学とその近接領域 Vol. 58; no. 5; pp. 623 - 627
Main Author 友田, 明美
Format Journal Article
LanguageJapanese
Published 一般社団法人 日本児童青年精神医学会 01.11.2017
日本児童青年精神医学会
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ISSN0289-0968
2424-1652
DOI10.20615/jscap.58.5_623

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Abstract 「I. はじめに」 少子高齢化が加速度的に進む我が国において, 次世代を担う子どもたちの心身の健康な発達を保証することは何よりの優先課題である. しかし現実には, いじめ, 不登校, 引きこもり, 不安障害, うつ病, 薬物依存, 自殺など, 学校教育に適応できない状態の児童・生徒の数は増加の一途である. 近年, 知的発達に遅れはないものの学習面や行動面で著しい困難を示す児童生徒の割合は6.5%(文部科学省, 2012)と見積もられ, その多くが注意欠如・多動症(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: ADHD), 自閉スペクトラム症(Autism Spectrum Disorder: ASD), 学習症などの発達障害を有している. ADHDは脳機能に起因した, 不注意・多動衝動性を主徴とする神経発達障害である.
AbstractList 「I. はじめに」 少子高齢化が加速度的に進む我が国において, 次世代を担う子どもたちの心身の健康な発達を保証することは何よりの優先課題である. しかし現実には, いじめ, 不登校, 引きこもり, 不安障害, うつ病, 薬物依存, 自殺など, 学校教育に適応できない状態の児童・生徒の数は増加の一途である. 近年, 知的発達に遅れはないものの学習面や行動面で著しい困難を示す児童生徒の割合は6.5%(文部科学省, 2012)と見積もられ, その多くが注意欠如・多動症(Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: ADHD), 自閉スペクトラム症(Autism Spectrum Disorder: ASD), 学習症などの発達障害を有している. ADHDは脳機能に起因した, 不注意・多動衝動性を主徴とする神経発達障害である.
Author 友田, 明美
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References Minnis H, Macmillan S, Pritchett R et al. (2013): Prevalence of reactive attachment disorder in a deprived population. Br J Psychiatry, 202, 342-346.
Bowlby J (1988): A Secure Base: Parent-Child Attachment and Healthy Human Development. New York, Basic Books.
van der Kolk BA (2003): The neurobiology of childhood trauma and abuse. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 12, 293-317.
Shimada K, Takiguchi S, Mizushima S et al. (2015): Reduced visual cortex grey matter volume in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder. Neuroimage Clin, 9, 13-19.
Choi J, Jeong B, Polcari A et al. (2012): Reduced fractional anisotropy in the visual limbic pathway of young adults witnessing domestic violence in childhood. Neuroimage, 59, 1071-1079.
厚生労働省(2016):H28年度「児童相談所での児童虐待相談対応件数」報告書.http://www.mhlw.go.jp/file/04-Houdouhappyou-11901000-Koyoukintoujidoukateikyoku-Soumuka/0000174478.pdf
文部科学省(2012):H24年度「通常の学級に在籍する発達障害の可能性のある特別な教育的支援を必要とする児童生徒に関する調査」報告書
Tomoda A, Navalta CP, Polcari A et al. (2009): Childhood sexual abuse is associated with reduced gray matter volume in visual cortex of young women. Biol Psychiatry, 66, 642-648.
Zeanah CH & Gleason MM (2015): Annual research review: Attachment disorders in early childhood-clinical presentation, causes, correlates, and treatment. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 56, 207-222.
Insel TR & Cuthbert BN (2015): Medicine. Brain disorders? Precisely. Science, 348, 499-500.
Lehmann S, Havik O, Havik T et al. (2013): Mental disorders in foster children: A study of prevalence, comorbidity and risk factors. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 7, 39.
Hubel DH & Wiesel TN (1998): Early exploration of the visual cortex. Neuron, 20, 401-412.
Mizuno K, Takiguchi S, Yamazaki M et al. (2015): Impaired neural reward processing in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: A pilot study. Asian J Psychiatr, 17, 89-93.
Mizuno K, Yoneda T, Komi M et al. (2013): Osmotic release oral system-methylphenidate improves neural activity during low reward processing in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuroimage Clin, 2, 366-376.
Takiguchi S, Fujisawa TX, Mizushima S et al. (2015): Ventral striatum dysfunction in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: Functional MRI study. Br J Psychiatry Open, 1, 121-128.
Tomoda A, Polcari A, Anderson CM et al. (2012): Reduced visual cortex gray matter volume and thickness in young adults who witnessed domestic violence during childhood. PLoS One, 7, e52528.
References_xml – reference: 厚生労働省(2016):H28年度「児童相談所での児童虐待相談対応件数」報告書.http://www.mhlw.go.jp/file/04-Houdouhappyou-11901000-Koyoukintoujidoukateikyoku-Soumuka/0000174478.pdf
– reference: van der Kolk BA (2003): The neurobiology of childhood trauma and abuse. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 12, 293-317.
– reference: Choi J, Jeong B, Polcari A et al. (2012): Reduced fractional anisotropy in the visual limbic pathway of young adults witnessing domestic violence in childhood. Neuroimage, 59, 1071-1079.
– reference: Mizuno K, Takiguchi S, Yamazaki M et al. (2015): Impaired neural reward processing in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: A pilot study. Asian J Psychiatr, 17, 89-93.
– reference: Tomoda A, Navalta CP, Polcari A et al. (2009): Childhood sexual abuse is associated with reduced gray matter volume in visual cortex of young women. Biol Psychiatry, 66, 642-648.
– reference: 文部科学省(2012):H24年度「通常の学級に在籍する発達障害の可能性のある特別な教育的支援を必要とする児童生徒に関する調査」報告書.
– reference: Insel TR & Cuthbert BN (2015): Medicine. Brain disorders? Precisely. Science, 348, 499-500.
– reference: Shimada K, Takiguchi S, Mizushima S et al. (2015): Reduced visual cortex grey matter volume in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder. Neuroimage Clin, 9, 13-19.
– reference: Mizuno K, Yoneda T, Komi M et al. (2013): Osmotic release oral system-methylphenidate improves neural activity during low reward processing in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuroimage Clin, 2, 366-376.
– reference: Tomoda A, Polcari A, Anderson CM et al. (2012): Reduced visual cortex gray matter volume and thickness in young adults who witnessed domestic violence during childhood. PLoS One, 7, e52528.
– reference: Lehmann S, Havik O, Havik T et al. (2013): Mental disorders in foster children: A study of prevalence, comorbidity and risk factors. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 7, 39.
– reference: Bowlby J (1988): A Secure Base: Parent-Child Attachment and Healthy Human Development. New York, Basic Books.
– reference: Takiguchi S, Fujisawa TX, Mizushima S et al. (2015): Ventral striatum dysfunction in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: Functional MRI study. Br J Psychiatry Open, 1, 121-128.
– reference: Hubel DH & Wiesel TN (1998): Early exploration of the visual cortex. Neuron, 20, 401-412.
– reference: Zeanah CH & Gleason MM (2015): Annual research review: Attachment disorders in early childhood-clinical presentation, causes, correlates, and treatment. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 56, 207-222.
– reference: Minnis H, Macmillan S, Pritchett R et al. (2013): Prevalence of reactive attachment disorder in a deprived population. Br J Psychiatry, 202, 342-346.
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