高集積化・高速化のための高信頼性配線技術
21世紀に量産をめざすギガビットの超高密度メモリーやGHzで動作する超高速のロジックLSIには,RC配線遅延を抑制できる多層金属配線が必要である.多層金属配線の許容電流密度を増大させることによって,配線の断面積を縮小することが可能となり,RC遅延の一因である配線間容量を低減できる.しかし,現状のWビアとAI配線を用いた多層配線では許容電流密度の向上が困難となりつつある.ここでは,エレクトロマイグレーションによる配線不良発生機構の理解をもとにWビアの問題点を抽出し,21世紀の多層配線構造の展望について述べる....
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Published in | 応用物理 Vol. 66; no. 11; pp. 1181 - 1185 |
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Format | Journal Article |
Language | Japanese |
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公益社団法人 応用物理学会
1997
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ISSN | 0369-8009 2188-2290 |
DOI | 10.11470/oubutsu1932.66.1181 |
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Abstract | 21世紀に量産をめざすギガビットの超高密度メモリーやGHzで動作する超高速のロジックLSIには,RC配線遅延を抑制できる多層金属配線が必要である.多層金属配線の許容電流密度を増大させることによって,配線の断面積を縮小することが可能となり,RC遅延の一因である配線間容量を低減できる.しかし,現状のWビアとAI配線を用いた多層配線では許容電流密度の向上が困難となりつつある.ここでは,エレクトロマイグレーションによる配線不良発生機構の理解をもとにWビアの問題点を抽出し,21世紀の多層配線構造の展望について述べる. |
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AbstractList | 21世紀に量産をめざすギガビットの超高密度メモリーやGHzで動作する超高速のロジックLSIには,RC配線遅延を抑制できる多層金属配線が必要である.多層金属配線の許容電流密度を増大させることによって,配線の断面積を縮小することが可能となり,RC遅延の一因である配線間容量を低減できる.しかし,現状のWビアとAI配線を用いた多層配線では許容電流密度の向上が困難となりつつある.ここでは,エレクトロマイグレーションによる配線不良発生機構の理解をもとにWビアの問題点を抽出し,21世紀の多層配線構造の展望について述べる. |
Author | 金子, 尚史 |
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References_xml | – reference: 9) Y. Igarashi, T. Yamanobe and T. Ito: Extended Abstr. of the 1994 Int. Conf. on Solid Satate Devices and Materials, 943 (1994). – reference: 43) 角田一夫,岡田紀雄,三沢信裕,山田雅雄古村隆行:第57回応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集, 8p-N-5 (1996). – reference: 26) M. A. Korhonen, P. Borgesen, K. N. Tu and Che-Yu Li: J. Appl. Phys. 73, 3790 (1993). – reference: 17) D. B. Knorr and K. P. Rodbell: J. Appl. Phys. 79, 2409 (1996). – reference: 3) J. R. Black: Proc. 6th Ann. Reliability Phys. Symp., 148 (1967). – reference: 12) J. Onuki, Y. Koubuchi, S. Fukada, M. Suwa, Y. Misawa and T. Itagaki: Dig. Tech. Int. Electron Device Meet., 454 (1988). – reference: 30) H. -U. Schreiber: Thin Solid Films 175, 29 (1989). – reference: 10) T. Nemoto and T. Nogami: Proc. 32th Ann. Reliability Phys. Symp., 207 (1994). – reference: 46) C. -K. Hu, D. C. Edelstein, C. Uzoh and T. Sullivan: Proc. 3rd Int. Workshop on Stress Induced Phenomena in Metall-izaitons, AIP Conf. Proceedings 373, 153 (1996). – reference: 23) H. Kawasaki, C. Lee, S. G. H. Anderson and F. Pintchovski: Proc. 3rd Int. Workshop on Stress Induced Phenomena in Metallizaitons, AIP Conf. Proceedings 373, 185 (1996). – reference: 2) K. N. Tu: Phys. Rev. B 45, 1409 (1992). – reference: 40) T. Yamaha, M. Naito and T. Hotta: J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 1043 (1996). – reference: 41) L. Ting, H. Qi-Zhong and H. Wei-Yung: Appl. Phys. Lett. 14, 2134 (1996). – reference: 6) J. Cho and C.V. Thompson: J. Appl. Phys. 54, 2577 (1989). – reference: 44) T. Nitta, T. Ohmi, M. Otsuki, T. Takewaki and T. Shibata: J. Electrochem. Soc. 139, 922 (1992). – reference: 38) R. V. Joshi, H. Dalal and R. Filippi: IEEE Electron Device Lett. 16, 233 (1995). – reference: 19) C. -K. Hu, M. B. Small and P. S. Ho: J. Appl. Phys. 72, 291 (1992). – reference: 16) S. Kondo, O. Deguchi and K. Hinode: J. Appl. Phys. 78, 6534 (1995). – reference: 32) 逢坂 保,坂上弘之,新宮原正三,高萩隆行:第57回応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集, 8p-N-8 (1996). – reference: 20) J. Tao, K. K. Young, N. W. Cheung and C. Hu: Proc. Ann. 30th Ann. Reliability Phys. Symp., 338 (1992). – reference: 29) H. -U. Schreiber: Solid-State Electron 28, 1153 (1985). – reference: 1) 柴田英毅:電子情報通信学会集積化配線技術論文特集号」J78-C-II, No. 5, 165 (1995). – reference: 39) G. B. Alers, A. S. Oates and N.L. Beverly: Appi. Phys. Lett. 66, 3600 (1995). – reference: 11) J.M. Towner and B. Coulman: J. Appl. Phys. 61, 1392 (1987). – reference: 22) C. -K. Hu, M. B. Small and P. S. Ho: J. Appl. Phys. 74, 969 (1993). – reference: 45) K. L. Lee, C. -K. Hu and K. N. Tu: J. Appl. Phys. 78, 4428 (1995). – reference: 7) M. Matsuo, H. Kaneko and S. Shima: Abstr. of 4th Int. Workshop on Stress Indiced Phenomena in Metallizations, Tokyo, 18 (1997). – reference: 36) R. Fiordalice, R. Blumenthal, M. Fernandes, S. Garcia, J.Gelatos, H. Kawasaki, J. Klein, R. Marsh, T. Ong, R. Ven-katraman, E. Weitzman and F. Pintchovski: Symp. on VLSI Tech. Dig. of Tech. Papers, 42 (1996). – reference: 47) C. Ryu, A. L. S. Loke, T. Nogami and S. S. Wong: Proc. 35th Ann. Reliability Phys. Symp., 201 (1997). – reference: 4) M. J. Attrado, R. Rutledge and R.C. Jack: J. Appl. Phys. 42, 4343 (1971). – reference: 13) H. Shibata, M. Murota and K. Hashimoto: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 4479 (1993). – reference: 5) J. R. Lloyd and J. Kitchin: J. Appl. Phys. 69, 211 (1991). – reference: 35) M. Kageyama, K. Hashimoto and H. Onoda: Extended Abstr. of the 1996 Int. Conf. on Solid State Devices and Materials, 118 (1996). – reference: 28) R. G. Filippi, G. A. Biery and R. A. Wachnik: J. Appl. Phys. 78, 3756 (1995). – reference: 21) H. S. Rathor, R. G. Filippi, R. A. Wachnik, J. J. Estabil and T. Kwok: Proc. 2nd Int. Workshop on Stress Induced Phenom-ena in Metallizations, AIP Conf. Proceedings 305, 165 (1993). – reference: 24) A. S. Oates: J. Appl. Phys. 79, 163 (1996). – reference: 37) G. A. Dixit, M. F. Chishoim, M. K. Jain, T. Weaver, L.M. Ting, S. Poarch, K. Mizobuchi, R. H. Havemann, C. D. Dobson, A. I. Jeffryes, P. J. Holverson, P. Rich, D. C. Butler and J. Hems: Dig. Tech. Int. Electron Device Meet., 105 (1994). – reference: 8) E. Kinsbron: Appl. Phys. Lett. 36, 968 (1980). – reference: 14) H. Toyoda, T. Kawanoue, M. Hasunuma, H. Kaneko and M. Miyauchi: Proc. 32th Ann. Reliability Phys. Symp, 178 (1994). – reference: 27) 金子尚史:第3回LSI配線における原子輸送・応力問題研究会予稿集, p. 19 (1996). – reference: 34) J. R. Lloyd, J. B. Sauber and J.A. Walls: Proc. 3rd Int. Workshop on Stress Induced Phenomena in Metallizaitons, AIP Conf. Proceedings 373, 90 (1996). – reference: 42) C. W. Kaanta, S. G. Bombardier, W. J. Cote, W. R. Hill, G. Kerszykowski, H. S. Landis, D. J. Poindexter, C. W. Pollard, .H. Ross, J. G. Ryan, S. Wolff and J. E. Cronin: Proc. VLSI Multilevel Interconnects Conf., 144 (1991). – reference: 15) H. Onoda, K. Touchi and K. Hashimoto: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 34, L1037 (1995). – reference: 18) C. V. Thompson and C. D. Mariorino Extended Abstr. of 18th Int. Conf. of Solid State Devices and Materials, 491 (1986). – reference: 25) I. A. Blech: J. Appl. Phys. 47, 1203 (1976). – reference: 31) H. Okabayashi, M. Komatsu and H. Mori: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 1102 (1996). – reference: 48) P. Borgesen, J. K. Lee, R. Gleixner and C. -Y. Li: Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 1706 (1992). – reference: 33) 角原由美,山田義明,吉川公麿,第56回応用物理学会学術講演会講演予稿集, 26p-ZQ-8 (1995). |
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Snippet | 21世紀に量産をめざすギガビットの超高密度メモリーやGHzで動作する超高速のロジックLSIには,RC配線遅延を抑制できる多層金属配線が必要である.多層金属配線の許容電流密... |
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Title | 高集積化・高速化のための高信頼性配線技術 |
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