A Visual Preference Analysis of Building Façades in Street View Images: A Case Study of Nanshan District, Shenzhen

• Published in: Buildings (Basel) Vol. 15; no. 4; p. 611
• Main Authors: Lee, Chia-Chen, Wang, Yuxiao, Tang, Chenggao, Li, Xiang, Yin, Jie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.02.2025
• Subjects: building façade; Buildings; Case studies; Complexity; Computer vision; Equipment and supplies; Facades; Fractal geometry; Fractals; geometric complexity; Image processing; Machine vision; Perception; Preference analysis; Preferences; Quantitative research; Research methodology; street view image; Urban environments; Visual perception; visual preference; Visual preferences; Visual thresholds; China; Shenzhen China
• ISSN: 2075-5309; 2075-5309
• DOI: 10.3390/buildings15040611

Human visual perception and visual preferences affect how people perceive and experience the urban environment. Constrained by their methodologies and data availability, the previous studies have struggled to precisely quantify the subjects and objects in urban perception. This research employs visual saliency detection and fractal dimension measurement to quantify the characteristics of urban building façades and visual perception. Through this study, we determine the differences between human visual perception and computer vision. The study shows that (1) human vision exhibits selective preferences, processing building façades with varying complexity levels to form a critical complexity threshold, which is a feature that is not captured by computer vision processing; (2) taking Nanshan District, Shenzhen, as a case study, the value of this threshold is 1.2383; (3) building façades with complexity greater than this threshold are seen as “complex” building façades and vice versa; (4) when perceiving “simple” buildings, human eyes tend to focus on their more complex local areas, whereas for “complex” buildings, they pay more attention to simpler parts. This study provides a reference for conducting quantitative research on urban perception and visual perception.