穿山甲的贸易与保护
全球现存8种穿山甲,4种分布在亚洲,4种分布在非洲,主要分布在亚洲东部、东南部、印度次大陆和非洲撒哈拉以南地区,目前尚没有相关研究反映其全球野生种群的数量及密度。我国有中华穿山甲、印度穿山甲和马来穿山甲3种,主要分布在长江以南各省,1996~2000年的调查显示我国共有约64 000只,种群下降趋势严重,灭绝风险较大。栖息地丧失和破碎化、盗猎以及非法贸易是其主要威胁。所有8种穿山甲都被列入世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)濒危物种红色名录和《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)附录Ⅱ物种,亚洲4种穿山甲野外获得标本的商业性年度出口限额为零。由于近年来快速增长的盗猎和非法贸易,作为世界上最受非...
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| Published in | 野生动物学报 Vol. 37; no. 2; pp. 157 - 161 |
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| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
Editorial Department of Chinese Journal of Wildlife
2016
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2310-1490 |
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| Summary: | 全球现存8种穿山甲,4种分布在亚洲,4种分布在非洲,主要分布在亚洲东部、东南部、印度次大陆和非洲撒哈拉以南地区,目前尚没有相关研究反映其全球野生种群的数量及密度。我国有中华穿山甲、印度穿山甲和马来穿山甲3种,主要分布在长江以南各省,1996~2000年的调查显示我国共有约64 000只,种群下降趋势严重,灭绝风险较大。栖息地丧失和破碎化、盗猎以及非法贸易是其主要威胁。所有8种穿山甲都被列入世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)濒危物种红色名录和《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)附录Ⅱ物种,亚洲4种穿山甲野外获得标本的商业性年度出口限额为零。由于近年来快速增长的盗猎和非法贸易,作为世界上最受非法交易影响的哺乳动物,穿山甲的保护日益受到国际社会的关注。建议加强穿山甲生态学、种群数量调查和监测方法与人工繁殖研究;加大栖息地保护力度,提高当地居民生计;强化执法和国际合作,打击非法贸易;加强贸易管理和开展公众教育,促进穿山甲野外种群的恢复。 |
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| Bibliography: | Pangolin; Trade; Conservation Yin Feng,Lu Linlin,Meng Meng,Liu Dingzhen (1 Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; 2. China Wildlife Conservation Association, Beijing, 100714, China) There are eight species of pangolin:four in Asia and four in Africa.Pangolins are found throughout much of southeastern and eastern Asia and the Indian sub-continent,and across sub- Saharan Africa.No surveys or studies have estimated the number and density of wild populations.There are three speciesof pangolins,viz.Manis pentadactyla,Manis crassicaudata.Maris javanica,in China.A survey conducted by Chinese government in 1996-2000 showed that the total population was around 64 000 pangolins.Numbers of wild pangolins are declining continuously,and the species is struggling on the brink of extinction in China.Three major factors threaten the survival of pangolins,viz.habitat loss and fragmentation,poaching,a |
| ISSN: | 2310-1490 |