Down-Regulation of Negative Emotional Processing by Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Effects of Personality Characteristics

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 6; no. 7; p. e22812
• Main Authors: Peña-Gómez, Cleofé, Vidal-Piñeiro, Dídac, Clemente, Immaculada C., Pascual-Leone, Álvaro, Bartrés-Faz, David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 29.07.2011; PLoS; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adult; Cognition & reasoning; Cognitive ability; Cross-Over Studies; Direct current; Down-Regulation; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Electrical stimulation of the brain; Electrofisiologia; Electrophysiology; Emotions; Emotions - physiology; ESB; Female; Humans; Introversion; Medical imaging; Microprocessors; Neuroimaging; Neurologia; Neurology; Neurophysiology; Neurosis; Personality; Personality Disorders - diagnosis; Personality Disorders - psychology; Personality Disorders - therapy; Personality traits; Pictures; Prefrontal cortex; Prefrontal Cortex - physiology; Psychomotor Performance; Social and Behavioral Sciences; Stimulation; Studies; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; Young Adult; Spain
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022812

Evidence from neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies indicates that the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is a core region in emotional processing, particularly during down-regulation of negative emotional conditions. However, emotional regulation is a process subject to major inter-individual differences, some of which may be explained by personality traits. In the present study we used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left DLPFC to investigate whether transiently increasing the activity of this region resulted in changes in the ratings of positive, neutral and negative emotional pictures. Results revealed that anodal, but not cathodal, tDCS reduced the perceived degree of emotional valence for negative stimuli, possibly due to an enhancement of cognitive control of emotional expression. We also aimed to determine whether personality traits (extraversion and neuroticism) might condition the impact of tDCS. We found that individuals with higher scores on the introversion personality dimension were more permeable than extraverts to the modulatory effects of the stimulation. The present study underlines the role of the left DLPFC in emotional regulation, and stresses the importance of considering individual personality characteristics as a relevant variable, although replication is needed given the limited sample size of our study.