Orthopedic, ophthalmic, and psychiatric diseases primarily affect activity limitation for Japanese males and females: Based on the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions

• Published in: Journal of epidemiology Vol. 27; no. 2; pp. 75 - 79
• Main Authors: Myojin, Tomoya, Ojima, Toshiyuki, Kikuchi, Keiko, Okada, Eisaku, Shibata, Yosuke, Nakamura, Mieko, Hashimoto, Shuji
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Elsevier B.V 01.02.2017; Japan Epidemiological Association
• Subjects: Activities of Daily Living; Activity limitation; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cerebrovascular diseases; Child; Diabetes mellitus; Diseases; Eye; Eye Diseases - epidemiology; Eye injuries; Female; Females; Gender differences; Health promotion; Healthy life expectancy; Humans; Hypertension; Injury analysis; Injury prevention; Japan - epidemiology; Life Expectancy; Life span; Living conditions; Male; Males; Mathematical analysis; Mental depression; Mental disorders; Mental Disorders - epidemiology; Middle Aged; Musculoskeletal Diseases - epidemiology; Original; Population attributable fraction; Regression analysis; Speech disorders; Statistical analysis; Surveys and Questionnaires; Temporary disability benefits; Vascular diseases; Young Adult; Japan; Healthy life expectancy; Life expectancy; Activities of daily living; Population attributable fraction; Activity limitation
• ISSN: 0917-5040; 1349-9092; 1349-9092
• DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.09.007

Healthy life expectancy (HLE) is used as one of the primary objectives of fundamental health promotion plans and social development plans. Activity limitation is used to calculate HLE, but little study has been done to identify determinants of activity limitation in order to extend HLE. The purpose of this study is to identify diseases and injuries that commonly lead to activity limitation to prioritize countermeasures against activity limitation. We used anonymous data from the 2007 “Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions,” collected by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan according to the Statistics Act, Article 36. We used logistic regression analyses and calculated odds ratios (ORs) after adjusting for age and sex. Limitation in daily activities was applied as the dependent variable, and each disease/injury was applied as an independent variable in this analysis. Furthermore, population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated. The provided data included 98,789 subjects. We used data for 75,986 valid subjects aged 12 years or older. The following diseases showed high PAF: backache (PAF 13.27%, OR 3.88), arthropathia (PAF 7.61%, OR 4.82), eye and optical diseases (PAF 6.39%, OR 2.01), and depression and other mental diseases (PAF 5.70%, OR 11.55). PAFs of cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, and diabetes were higher for males than for females; on the other hand, PAFs of orthopedic diseases were higher among females. Our results indicate that orthopedic diseases, ophthalmic diseases, and psychiatric diseases particularly affect activity limitation. •Healthy Life Expectancy consists of activity limitation and mortality in Japan.•We calculated the odds ratio and PAF between activity limitation and every disease.•Orthopedic, ophthalmic, and psychiatric diseases affect activity limitation primarily.