Risk profile of low pathogenicity avian influenza virus infections in farms in southern Vietnam

• Published in: Journal of Veterinary Medical Science Vol. 84; no. 6; pp. 860 - 868
• Main Authors: TIEN, Tien Ngoc, NGUYEN, Diep Thi, ISODA, Norikazu, MATSUNO, Keita, OKAMATSU, Masatoshi, PHAN, Minh Quang, HIONO, Takahiro, NGUYEN, Long VAN, LE, Tung Thanh, NGUYEN, Lam Thanh, CHU, Duc-Huy, NGUYEN, Tien Ngoc, SAKODA, Yoshihiro, LE, Kien Trung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE 2022; Japan Science and Technology Agency; The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science
• Subjects: Animal husbandry; Avian flu; Epidemiology; Farms; Influenza; knowledge attitude and practice survey; low pathogenicity avian influenza; Pathogenicity; risk factor; Risk factors; surveillance; Vietnam; Vietnam; knowledge attitude and practice survey; low pathogenicity avian influenza; Vietnam; surveillance; risk factor
• ISSN: 0916-7250; 1347-7439; 1347-7439
• DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0011

The impact of low pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) has been confirmed mainly in farms. Unlike apparent losses caused by the high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI), the LPAI impact has been hardly evaluated due to underestimating its spread and damage. In 2019, a questionnaire study was conducted in southern Vietnam to identify the specific risk factors of LPAI virus (LPAIV) circulation and to find associations between husbandry activities and LPAI prevalence. A multilevel regression analysis indicated that keeping Muscovy ducks during farming contributed to LPAIV positivity [Odds ratio=208.2 (95% confidence interval: 13.4–1.1 × 104)]. In cluster analysis, farmers willing to report avian influenza (AI) events and who agreed with the local AI control policy had a slightly lower risk for LPAIV infection although there was no significance in the correlation between farmer characteristics and LPAI occurrence. These findings indicated that keeping Muscovy ducks without appropriate countermeasures might increase the risk of LPAIV infection. Furthermore, specific control measures at the local level are effective for LPAIV circulation, and the improvement of knowledge about biosecurity and attitude contributes to reducing LPAI damage.