Host Factor SAMHD1 Restricts DNA Viruses in Non-Dividing Myeloid Cells

• Published in: PLoS pathogens Vol. 9; no. 6; p. e1003481
• Main Authors: Hollenbaugh, Joseph A., Gee, Peter, Baker, Jonathon, Daly, Michele B., Amie, Sarah M., Tate, Jessica, Kasai, Natsumi, Kanemura, Yuka, Kim, Dong-Hyun, Ward, Brian M., Koyanagi, Yoshio, Kim, Baek
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 01.06.2013; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Biology; Cell Line; DNA viruses; Enzymes; Female; Health aspects; Herpesvirus 1, Human - physiology; Host-parasite relationships; Humans; Hydrolases; Infections; Lymphocytes; Male; Medicine; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins - genetics; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins - metabolism; Myeloid Cells - metabolism; Myeloid Cells - pathology; Myeloid Cells - virology; Pathogenesis; Physiological aspects; Proteins; SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1; Vaccinia virus - physiology; Virus Replication - physiology; Viruses; South Korea
• ISSN: 1553-7374; 1553-7366; 1553-7374
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003481

SAMHD1 is a newly identified anti-HIV host factor that has a dNTP triphosphohydrolase activity and depletes intracellular dNTP pools in non-dividing myeloid cells. Since DNA viruses utilize cellular dNTPs, we investigated whether SAMHD1 limits the replication of DNA viruses in non-dividing myeloid target cells. Indeed, two double stranded DNA viruses, vaccinia and herpes simplex virus type 1, are subject to SAMHD1 restriction in non-dividing target cells in a dNTP dependent manner. Using a thymidine kinase deficient strain of vaccinia virus, we demonstrate a greater restriction of viral replication in non-dividing cells expressing SAMHD1. Therefore, this study suggests that SAMHD1 is a potential innate anti-viral player that suppresses the replication of a wide range of DNA viruses, as well as retroviruses, which infect non-dividing myeloid cells.