High resolution DOA estimation of acoustic plane waves: An innovative comparison among Cuckoo search heuristics and subspace based algorithms

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 17; no. 6; p. e0268786
• Main Authors: Ahmed, Nauman, Wang, Huigang, Ahmad, Rizwan, Salem, Ali Ahmed, Abd Rahman, Rahisham, Kashif, Muhammad, Arshad, Shahzad, Lau, Kwan. Y.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 16.06.2022; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Accuracy; Acoustics; Acoustics research; Algorithms; Comparative studies; Cost analysis; Cost function; Data models; Direction of arrival; Embedded systems; Engineering and Technology; Estimation accuracy; Frequency analysis; Frequency distribution; Genetic algorithms; Heuristic; Intelligence; Linear arrays; Monte Carlo simulation; Music; Noise; Noise measurement; Optimization; Optimization algorithms; Parameter estimation; Physical Sciences; Plane waves; Research and Analysis Methods; Search algorithms; Signal processing; Sonar; Swarm intelligence; Underwater; Underwater acoustics; Variance analysis; Malaysia
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268786

SONAR signal processing plays an indispensable role when it comes to parameter estimation of Direction of Arrival (DOA) of acoustic plane waves for closely spaced target exclusively under severe noisy environments. Resolution performance of classical MUSIC and ESPRIT algorithms and other subspace-based algorithms decreases under scenarios like low SNR, smaller number of snapshots and closely spaced targets. In this study, optimization strength of swarm intelligence of Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is accomplished for viable DOA estimation in different scenarios of underwater environment using a Uniform Linear Array (ULA). Higher resolution for closely spaced targets is achieved using smaller number of snapshots viably with CSA by investigating global minima of the highly nonlinear cost function of ULA. Performance analysis of CSA for different number of targets employing estimation accuracy, higher resolution, variance analysis, frequency distribution of RMSE over the monte Carlo runs and robustness against noise in the presence of additive-white Gaussian measurement noise is achieved. Comparative studies of CSA with Root MUSIC and ESPRIT along with Crammer Rao Bound analysis witnesses better results for estimating DOA parameters which are further endorsed from the results of Monte Carlo simulations.