Comparative study of the neural differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stromal cells from different tissue sources: An approach for their use in neural regeneration therapies

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 14; no. 3; p. e0213032
• Main Authors: Urrutia, Daniela N., Caviedes, Pablo, Mardones, Rodrigo, Minguell, José J., Vega-Letter, Ana Maria, Jofre, Claudio M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Public Library of Science 11.03.2019; Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue - cytology; Adult; Biology and Life Sciences; Biomarkers; Bone marrow; Bone Marrow Cells - physiology; Care and treatment; Cell cycle; Cell differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy - methods; Cells, Cultured; Central nervous system; Central Nervous System Diseases - therapy; Chile; Comparative analysis; Comparative literature; Comparative studies; Differentiation; Female; Gene expression; Hereditary diseases; Humans; Male; Medical treatment; Medicine and Health Sciences; Mesenchymal stem cells; Mesenchymal Stem Cells - physiology; Mesenchyme; Nerve Regeneration; Nervous system; Neural stem cells; Neurodegenerative diseases; Neurogenesis; Neurological diseases; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Primary Cell Culture; Regeneration; Regenerative Medicine - methods; Skin; Skin - cytology; Stem cells; Stromal cells; Studies; Umbilical cord; Umbilical Cord - cytology; Young Adult; Chile
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213032

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can trans/differentiate to neural precursors and/or mature neurons and promote neuroprotection and neurogenesis. The above could greatly benefit neurodegenerative disorders as well as in the treatment of post-traumatic and hereditary diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). In order to attain an ideal source of adult MSCs for the treatment of CNS diseases, adipose tissue, bone marrow, skin and umbilical cord derived MSCs were isolated and studied to explore differences with regard to neural differentiation capacity. In this study, we demonstrated that MSCs from several tissues can differentiate into neuron-like cells and differentially express progenitors and mature neural markers. Adipose tissue MSCs exhibited significantly higher expression of neural markers and had a faster proliferation rate. Our results suggest that adipose tissue MSCs are the best candidates for the use in neurological diseases.