Beige Adipocytes Are a Distinct Type of Thermogenic Fat Cell in Mouse and Human

• Published in: Cell Vol. 150; no. 2; pp. 366 - 376
• Main Authors: Wu, Jun, Boström, Pontus, Sparks, Lauren M., Ye, Li, Choi, Jang Hyun, Giang, An-Hoa, Khandekar, Melin, Virtanen, Kirsi A., Nuutila, Pirjo, Schaart, Gert, Huang, Kexin, Tu, Hua, van Marken Lichtenbelt, Wouter D., Hoeks, Joris, Enerbäck, Sven, Schrauwen, Patrick, Spiegelman, Bruce M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 20.07.2012
• Subjects: activation; adenosine monophosphate; adipocytes; Adipocytes - classification; Adipocytes - metabolism; Adipocytes, White - metabolism; Adipose Tissue, Brown - metabolism; adults; Animals; brown adipose tissue; Cell Separation; cyclic AMP; Gene Expression Profiling; gene expression regulation; heat; Humans; hypothermia; identification; in-vivo; induction; Ion Channels - metabolism; Medical Genetics and Genomics; Medicinsk genetik och genomik; Mice; Mitochondrial Proteins - metabolism; obesity; polypeptides; progenitors; respiratory rate; skeletal-muscle; transcriptional control; Uncoupling Protein 1; white adipose tissue; white fat
• ISSN: 0092-8674; 1097-4172; 1097-4172
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.05.016

Brown fat generates heat via the mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP1, defending against hypothermia and obesity. Recent data suggest that there are two distinct types of brown fat: classical brown fat derived from a myf-5 cellular lineage and UCP1-positive cells that emerge in white fat from a non-myf-5 lineage. Here, we report the isolation of “beige” cells from murine white fat depots. Beige cells resemble white fat cells in having extremely low basal expression of UCP1, but, like classical brown fat, they respond to cyclic AMP stimulation with high UCP1 expression and respiration rates. Beige cells have a gene expression pattern distinct from either white or brown fat and are preferentially sensitive to the polypeptide hormone irisin. Finally, we provide evidence that previously identified brown fat deposits in adult humans are composed of beige adipocytes. These data provide a foundation for studying this mammalian cell type with therapeutic potential. [Display omitted] [Display omitted] ► A subset of precursor cells from white fat gives rise to beige adipocytes ► Beige adipocytes have a highly inducible thermogenic capacity upon stimulation ► Beige adipocytes express distinct genes and are sensitive to irisin ► “Brown” fat in human adults is composed primarily of beige adipocytes A subset of adipocytes in adult human fat depots shows a distinctive gene expression pattern and deploys a thermogenic program in response to the hormone irisin. These so-called beige cells may therefore represent a therapeutic target for treating obesity and associated metabolic disorders.