Risk areas for tuberculosis among children and their inequalities in a city from Southeast Brazil

• Published in: BMC pediatrics Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 462 - 9
• Main Authors: Alves, Yan Mathias, Berra, Thaís Zamboni, Alves, Luana Seles, de Assis, Ivaneliza Simionato, Arcoverde, Marcos Augusto Moraes, Ramos, Antonio Carlos Vieira, Arroyo, Luiz Henrique, Campoy, Laura Terenciani, Bruce, Alexandre Tadashi Inomata, dos Santos, Felipe Lima, Souza, Ludmilla Leidianne Limirio, de Almeida Crispim, Juliane, Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central 06.10.2020; BioMed Central Ltd; BMC
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Age; Brazil - epidemiology; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Children & youth; Cities; Disease; Female; Global and public health and healthcare; Humans; Income; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Internal Medicine; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Pediatrics; Population; Research Article; Risk factors; Social aspects; Social vulnerability; Socioeconomic Factors; Software; Spatial analysis; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis - diagnosis; Tuberculosis - epidemiology; Variables; Brazil; Cities; Spatial analysis; Social vulnerability; Tuberculosis
• ISSN: 1471-2431; 1471-2431
• DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02364-7

Background The objective of the study was to identify areas of risk for the appearance of tuberculosis in children and their association with social inequalities in a municipality in southeastern Brazil. Methods Ecological study conducted in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. To identify areas of spatial risk for tuberculosis in children, we used spatial scanning statistics. To analyze the association of cases of childhood tuberculosis with social vulnerability, we used the Social Vulnerability Index of São Paulo, and four explanatory statistical models were listed. Results There were 96 cases of childhood tuberculosis, of which 90 were geocoded through a process of converting addresses to geographic coordinates. A risk area was identified in the municipality, where children under 15 years old have 3.14 times greater risk of contracting tuberculosis than those living outside this area. The variables identified as risk factors were: number of private and collective households, proportion of children aged 0 to 5 years in the population, proportion of households without per capita income, and the proportion of private households with monthly nominal incomes of up to one quarter of wage minimums. The variables identified as protection factors were the proportion of women under the age of 30 years responsible for the household under and women responsible for the household with an average income over BRL 2344. Conclusion The study showed areas of risk for the occurrence of tuberculosis in children. The study is in line with the End TB Strategy and the 2030 Agenda, which aim to support strategic actions and, therefore, save the lives of children through the systematic, intensified, and comprehensive identification of children with tuberculosis respiratory symptoms in the community.