Prokaryotic diversity, composition structure, and phylogenetic analysis of microbial communities in leachate sediment ecosystems

• Published in: Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol. 91; no. 6; pp. 1659 - 1675
• Main Authors: Liu, Jingjing, Wu, Weixiang, Chen, Chongjun, Sun, Faqian, Chen, Yingxu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.09.2011; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Ammonium; Analysis; Archaea; Archaea - classification; Archaea - genetics; Archaea - isolation & purification; Archaea - metabolism; Bacteria; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Bacteria - metabolism; Biodegradation; Biodiversity; Biological and medical sciences; Biological diversity; Biotechnology; Chemical contaminants; Chemical oxygen demand; classification; clones; Cloning; Contaminants; Crenarchaeota; DNA, Archaeal; DNA, Archaeal - genetics; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Bacterial - genetics; DNA, Ribosomal; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics; Dominant species; Ecosystem; Ecosystems; Environmental Biotechnology; Euryarchaeota; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genetic aspects; Genetic testing; genetics; Geologic Sediments; Geologic Sediments - microbiology; Identification and classification; isolation & purification; Laboratories; Landfill; Landfills; Leachates; Leaching; Life Sciences; Metabolism; Methanosaeta; Microbial activity; microbial communities; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Microorganisms; Moisture content; molecular cloning; Molecular Sequence Data; Municipal solid waste; Nitrates; oxidation; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Pollution control; Ponds; Prokaryotes; ribosomal DNA; ribosomal RNA; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Sediments; Sediments (Geology); Studies; Waste disposal sites; China; Leachate sediment; Clone library; Bacterial diversity; Archaeal diversity; 16S rRNA gene; Archaeobacteria; Diversity; Phylogeny; Sediments; Gene; Ribosomal RNA; Ecosystem; 16S-RNA; Bacteria; Leachate; Microbial community; Structural analysis
• ISSN: 0175-7598; 1432-0614; 1432-0614
• DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3354-8

In order to obtain insight into the prokaryotic diversity and community in leachate sediment, a culture-independent DNA-based molecular phylogenetic approach was performed with archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries derived from leachate sediment of an aged landfill. A total of 59 archaeal and 283 bacterial rDNA phylotypes were identified in 425 archaeal and 375 bacterial analyzed clones. All archaeal clones distributed within two archaeal phyla of the Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota, and well-defined methanogen lineages, especially Methanosaeta spp., are the most numerically dominant species of the archaeal community. Phylogenetic analysis of the bacterial library revealed a variety of pollutant-degrading and biotransforming microorganisms, including 18 distinct phyla. A substantial fraction of bacterial clones showed low levels of similarity with any previously documented sequences and thus might be taxonomically new. Chemical characteristics and phylogenetic inferences indicated that (1) ammonium-utilizing bacteria might form consortia to alleviate or avoid the negative influence of high ammonium concentration on other microorganisms, and (2) members of the Crenarchaeota found in the sediment might be involved in ammonium oxidation. This study is the first to report the composition of the microbial assemblages and phylogenetic characteristics of prokaryotic populations extant in leachate sediment. Additional work on microbial activity and contaminant biodegradation remains to be explored.