An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on MAFLD and the risk of CVD

• Published in: Hepatology International Vol. 17; no. 4; pp. 773 - 791
• Main Authors: Zhou, Xiao-Dong, Targher, Giovanni, Byrne, Christopher D, Somers, Virend, Kim, Seung Up, Chahal, C Anwar A, Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun, Cai, Jingjing, Shapiro, Michael D, Eslam, Mohammed, Steg, Philippe Gabriel, Sung, Ki-Chul, Misra, Anoop, Li, Jian-Jun, Brotons, Carlos, Huang, Yuli, Papatheodoridis, George V, Sun, Aijun, Yilmaz, Yusuf, Chan, Wah Kheong, Huang, Hui, Méndez-Sánchez, Nahum, Alqahtani, Saleh A, Cortez-Pinto, Helena, Lip, Gregory Y H, de Knegt, Robert J, Ocama, Ponsiano, Romero-Gomez, Manuel, Fudim, Marat, Sebastiani, Giada, Son, Jang Won, Ryan, John D, Ikonomidis, Ignatios, Treeprasertsuk, Sombat, Pastori, Daniele, Lupsor-Platon, Monica, Tilg, Herbert, Ghazinyan, Hasmik, Boursier, Jerome, Hamaguchi, Masahide, Nguyen, Mindie H, Fan, Jian-Gao, Goh, George Boon-Bee, Al Mahtab, Mamun, Hamid, Saeed, Perera, Nilanka, George, Jacob, Zheng, Ming-Hua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Delhi Springer Science and Business Media LLC 01.08.2023; Springer; Springer India; Springer Nature B.V; Springer Internat. Publ
• Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]; and Metabolism; Asia; associated fatty liver disease; Cardiology; Cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular disease; consensus; delphi survey; mafld; metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver diseas; Cardiovascular Diseases; CLINICAL MEDICINE; Clinical Medicine (MED); Colorectal Surgery; Consensus; Dahili Tıp Bilimleri; Delphi survey; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Dyslipidemia; Endocrinology; Epidemiology; Fatty liver; Gastroenterology; GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; GASTROENTEROLOJİ VE HEPATOLOJİ; Gastroenteroloji-(Hepatoloji); Health risks; Health Sciences; Heart diseases; Hepatology; Hepatoloji; Humans; Internal Diseases; Internal Medicine Sciences; İç Hastalıkları; Klinik Tıp; Klinik Tıp (MED); Life Sciences; Liver; Liver Diseases; MAFLD; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolic (dysfunction); Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease; Metabolism; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Pathogenesis; Risk factors; Sağlık Bilimleri; SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being; Surgery; Tıp; Delphi survey; MAFLD; Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease; Cardiovascular disease; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Consensus
• ISSN: 1936-0533; 1936-0541; 1936-0541
• DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10543-8

© Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver 2023 Background: Fatty liver disease in the absence of excessive alcohol consumption is an increasingly common condition with a global prevalence of ~ 25-30% and is also associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since systemic metabolic dysfunction underlies its pathogenesis, the term metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been proposed for this condition. MAFLD is closely intertwined with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherogenic dyslipidemia, which are established cardiovascular risk factors. Unlike CVD, which has received attention in the literature on fatty liver disease, the CVD risk associated with MAFLD is often underestimated, especially among Cardiologists. Methods and results: A multidisciplinary panel of fifty-two international experts comprising Hepatologists, Endocrinologists, Diabetologists, Cardiologists and Family Physicians from six continents (Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Africa and Oceania) participated in a formal Delphi survey and developed consensus statements on the association between MAFLD and the risk of CVD. Statements were developed on different aspects of CVD risk, ranging from epidemiology to mechanisms, screening, and management. Conculsions: The expert panel identified important clinical associations between MAFLD and the risk of CVD that could serve to increase awareness of the adverse metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes of MAFLD. Finally, the expert panel also suggests potential areas for future research.