Irisin plays an important role in the outcomes of newly diagnosed prediabetes in adults in Guiyang, China

• Published in: Journal of diabetes investigation Vol. 12; no. 5; pp. 747 - 755
• Main Authors: He, Xi, Zhang, Qiao, Peng, Nianchun, Hu, Ying, Li, Hong, Chen, Zhengyi, Liu, Ruoyi, Xu, Shujing, Zhang, Miao, He, Juan, Shi, Lixin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.05.2021; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Aged; Alcohol; Autoimmune diseases; Blood pressure; Body mass index; Cardiovascular disease; Case-Control Studies; China - epidemiology; Cholesterol; Creatinine; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology; Enzymes; Epidemiology; Fasting - blood; Female; Fibronectins - blood; Follow-Up Studies; Glucose; Hemoglobin; High density lipoprotein; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin resistance; Irisin; Laboratories; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Original; Plasma; Prediabetes; Prediabetic State - blood; Prediabetic State - diagnosis; Proteins; Regression analysis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Smoking; Variance analysis; China; United States > US; Prediabetes; Irisin; Diabetes
• ISSN: 2040-1116; 2040-1124; 2040-1124
• DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13416

Aims/Introduction To explore the potential role of irisin in the outcomes of newly diagnosed prediabetes. Materials and Methods Data were obtained from the Guiyang subcenter of the Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a lONgitudinal (REACTION) study. A total of 2,530 participants had newly diagnosed prediabetes at baseline and completed follow up. The nested 1:1 case–control study included 161 participants who developed diabetes mellitus at follow up, and 161 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. The follow‐up study included 86 matched case–control pairs. Fasting serum irisin levels were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results Baseline serum irisin levels were higher in the cases than in the controls (P = 0.002); high baseline serum irisin levels were an independent risk factor for the development of diabetes (odds ratio 1.235, 95% confidence interval 1.025–1.488). After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), smoking, exercise, and family history of diabetes, subjects in the highest quartile of irisin levels had a higher risk of diabetes than those in the lowest quartile (odds ratio 3.065, 95% confidence interval 1.511–6.218). The extent of decrease in irisin levels during follow‐up was greater in the cases than in the controls (P < 0.001). Baseline serum irisin levels were positively correlated with the extent of decrease in irisin during follow‐up (r = 0.773, P < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding factors, subjects with a decrease of irisin above the median had much higher risk for diabetes (odds ratio 5.077, 95% confidence interval 2.112–12.206). Conclusions Irisin might play an important role in the outcomes of newly diagnosed prediabetes in adults in Guiyang, and can predict the risk for developing diabetes in these individuals. This is the first longitudinal study to investigate the potential role of irisin in the outcomes of newly diagnosed prediabetes and whether it can be a predictor of diabetes in prediabetic individuals. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature, because we found a clear association between serum irisin levels and the outcomes of newly diagnosed prediabetes.