The current status of an FDG-PET cancer screening program in Japan, based on a 4-year (2006-2009) nationwide survey

Objective The aim of this study was to survey the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening program conducted in Japan. Methods The “FDG-PET cancer screening program” included both FDG-PET and positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) with or...

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Published inAnnals of nuclear medicine Vol. 27; no. 1; pp. 46 - 57
Main Authors Minamimoto, Ryogo, Senda, Michio, Jinnouchi, Seishi, Terauchi, Takashi, Yoshida, Tsuyoshi, Murano, Takeshi, Fukuda, Hiroshi, Iinuma, Takeshi, Uno, Kimiichi, Nishizawa, Sadahiko, Tsukamoto, Eriko, Iwata, Hiroshi, Inoue, Takeshi, Oguchi, Kazuhiro, Nakashima, Rumi, Inoue, Tomio
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Japan Springer Japan 01.01.2013
Springer Nature B.V
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ISSN0914-7187
1864-6433
1864-6433
DOI10.1007/s12149-012-0660-x

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Summary:Objective The aim of this study was to survey the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) cancer screening program conducted in Japan. Methods The “FDG-PET cancer screening program” included both FDG-PET and positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) with or without other combined screening tests that were performed for cancer screening in asymptomatic subjects. A total of 155,456 subjects who underwent the FDG-PET cancer screening program during 2006–2009 were analyzed. Results Of the 155,456 subjects, positive findings suggesting possible cancer were noted in 16,955 (10.9 %). The number of cases with detected cancer was 1,912 (1.23 % of the total screened cases, annual range 1.14–1.30 %). Of the 1,912 cases of detected cancer, positive findings on FDG-PET were present in 1,491 cases (0.96 % of the total number of screened cases). According to the results of further examinations, the true positive rate for subjects with suggested possible cancer (positive predictive value) was 32.3 % with FDG-PET. Cancers of the colon/rectum, thyroid, lung, and breast were most frequently found (396, 353, 319, and 163 cases, respectively) with high PET sensitivity (85.9, 90.7, 86.8, 84.0 %, respectively). Prostate cancer and gastric cancer (165 and 124 cases, respectively) had low PET sensitivity (37.0 and 37.9 %, respectively). The Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) clinical stage of cancer found with the FDG-PET cancer screening program was mainly Stage I. Conclusions The FDG-PET screening program in Japan has detected a variety of cancers at an early stage. However, several cancers were found in repeated FDG-PET cancer screening program, indicating the limitation of a one-time FDG-PET cancer screening program. The value of the FDG-PET cancer screening program is left to the judgment of individuals with regard to its potentials and limitations.
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ISSN:0914-7187
1864-6433
1864-6433
DOI:10.1007/s12149-012-0660-x