Functional specialization of the male insula during taste perception

• Published in: NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.) Vol. 119; pp. 210 - 220
• Main Authors: Dalenberg, Jelle R., Hoogeveen, Heleen R., Renken, Remco J., Langers, Dave R.M., ter Horst, Gert J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.10.2015; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Adult; Age; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex - physiology; Citric Acid - administration & dosage; Cortical mapping; Dominance, Cerebral; Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); Humans; Insula; Lateralization; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Males; Medical imaging; Nutrition research; Pleasure - physiology; Quinine - administration & dosage; Researchers; Sodium Chloride - administration & dosage; Specialization; Studies; Sucrose - administration & dosage; Taste; Taste Perception - physiology; Young Adult; Insula; Taste; Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); Cortical mapping; Lateralization
• ISSN: 1053-8119; 1095-9572; 1095-9572
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.062

The primary gustatory area is located in the insular cortex. Although the insular cortex has been the topic of multiple parcellation studies, its functional specialization regarding taste processing received relatively little attention. Studies investigating the brain response to taste suggested that the insular cortex is involved in processing multiple characteristics of a taste stimulus, such as its quality, intensity, and pleasantness. In the current functional magnetic resonance study, younger and older adult male subjects were exposed to four basic tastes in five increasing concentrations. We applied a data-driven analysis to obtain insular response maps, which showed that the insular cortex processes the presence of taste, its corresponding pleasantness, as well as its concentration. More specifically, the left and right insular cortices are differentially engaged in processing the aforementioned taste characteristics: representations of the presence of a taste stimulus as well as its corresponding pleasantness dominate in the left insular cortex, whereas taste concentration processing dominates in the right insular cortex. These results were similar across both age groups. Our results fit well within previous cytoarchitectural studies and show insular lateralization in processing different aspects of taste stimuli in men. •We investigated taste processing in the human male insula with fMRI.•We used sweet, sour, salty, and bitter tastes in five ascending concentrations.•Factor analysis resulted in factors associated with multiple taste characteristics.•We found lateralized effects of taste presence, pleasantness, and concentration.•The results fit well within previous insular parcellation studies.