A retrospective analysis for the management of oromaxillofacial invasive mucormycosis and systematic literature review

• Published in: BMC oral health Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 115 - 28
• Main Authors: Li, Chen-xi, Gong, Zhong-cheng, Pataer, Parekejiang, Shao, Bo, Fang, Chang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central 21.02.2023; BioMed Central Ltd; Springer Nature B.V; BMC
• Subjects: Anemia; Antifungal Agents; Aplastic anemia; Biopsy; Biopsy - adverse effects; Care and treatment; Dentistry; Diabetes; Diagnosis; Epidemiology; Female; Fungal infections; Hospitals; Humans; Hypertension; Infectious diseases; Leukemia; Literature reviews; Maxillofacial; Maxillofacial area; Medical diagnosis; Medical prognosis; Medicine; Metabolic disorders; Mouth diseases; Mucormycosis; Mucormycosis - diagnosis; Mucormycosis - drug therapy; Mucormycosis - microbiology; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Patients; Retrospective Studies; Sinuses; Systematic review; Therapeutic regimen; China; United States > US; India; Mucormycosis; Systematic review; Therapeutic regimen; Maxillofacial area
• ISSN: 1472-6831; 1472-6831
• DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02823-4

Purpose Mucormycosis is a type of fatal infectious disease, rarely involved in the oromaxillofacial region. This study aimed to describe a series of 7 cases with oromaxillofacial mucormycosis and to discuss the epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment algorithm thereof. Methodology Seven patients in the author’s affiliation have been treated. They were assessed and presented as per their diagnostic criteria, surgical approach, and mortality rates. Reported cases of mucormycosis originally happened in craniomaxillofacial region were synthesized through a systematic review so as to better discuss its pathogenesis, epidemiology, and management. Results Six patients had a primary metabolic disorder, and one immunocompromised patient had a history of aplastic anemia. The criteria for a positive diagnosis of invasive mucormycosis were based on clinical presentation of signs and symptoms, and a biopsy for microbiological culture and histopathologic analysis. Each patient used antifungal drugs and five of them also underwent surgical resection at the same time. Four patients died due to the unregulated spread of mucormycosis, and one patient died owing to her main disease. Conclusions Although uncommon in clinical practice setting, mucormycosis should be of great concern in oral and maxillofacial surgery, due to the life-threatening possibility of this disease. The knowledge of early diagnosis and prompt treatment is of utmost importance for saving lives.