The dependence of ice microphysics on aerosol concentration in arctic mixed-phase stratus clouds during ISDAC and M-PACE

• Published in: Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 117; no. D15
• Main Authors: Jackson, Robert C., McFarquhar, Greg M., Korolev, Alexei V., Earle, Michael E., Liu, Peter S. K., Lawson, R. Paul, Brooks, Sarah, Wolde, Mengistu, Laskin, Alexander, Freer, Matt
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC Blackwell Publishing Ltd 14.08.2012; American Geophysical Union
• Subjects: Aerosols; arctic clouds; Atmospheric aerosols; Atmospheric sciences; Chemistry; cloud aerosol interactions; Clouds; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Exact sciences and technology; Geophysics; Glaciation; Ice; mixed phase clouds; Physics; Water content; Canada; polar regions; Arctic region; PN, Arctic; experimental studies; Stratocumulus cloud; Ice nucleus; aerosols; mixing; thermodynamics; Stratus cloud; concentration; ice; pollution; North America; Ice crystals; glaciation; Mixed cloud; Effective radius; Cloud base; Strong correlation; Vertical profile; water content; Polar region; Forcing; Icing; Cloud top
• ISSN: 0148-0227; 2169-897X; 2156-2202; 2169-8996
• DOI: 10.1029/2012JD017668

Cloud and aerosol data acquired by the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) Convair-580 aircraft in, above, and below single-layer arctic stratocumulus cloud during the Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC) in April 2008 were used to test three aerosol indirect effects hypothesized to act in mixed-phase clouds: the riming indirect effect, the glaciation indirect effect, and the thermodynamic indirect effect. The data showed a correlation of R = 0.78 between liquid drop number concentration, Nliq inside cloud and ambient aerosol number concentration NPCASP below cloud. This, combined with increasing liquid water content LWC with height above cloud base and the nearly constant vertical profile of Nliq, suggested that liquid drops nucleated from aerosol at cloud base. No evidence of a riming indirect effect was observed, but a strong correlation of R = 0.69 between ice crystal number concentration Ni and NPCASP above cloud was noted. Increases in ice nuclei (IN) concentration with NPCASP above cloud for 2 flight dates combined with the subadiabatic LWC profiles suggest possible mixing of IN from cloud top consistent with the glaciation indirect effect. The lower Nice and lower effective radius rel for the more polluted ISDAC cases compared to data collected in cleaner single-layer stratocumulus conditions during the Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment is consistent with the operation of the thermodynamic indirect effect. However, more data in a wider variety of meteorological and surface conditions, with greater variations in aerosol forcing, are required to identify the dominant aerosol forcing mechanisms in mixed-phase arctic clouds.
NRC publication: Yes