A DEMETER-like DNA demethylase governs tomato fruit ripening

In plants, genomic DNA methylation which contributes to development and stress responses can be actively removed by DEMETER-like DNA demethylases (DMLs). Indeed, inArabidopsisDMLs are important for maternal imprinting and endosperm demethylation, but only a few studies demonstrate the developmental...

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Published in	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 112; no. 34; pp. 10804 - 10809
Main Authors	Liu, Ruie, How-Kit, Alexandre, Stammitti, Linda, Teyssier, Emeline, Rolin, Dominique, Mortain-Bertrand, Anne, Halle, Stefanie, Liu, Mingchun, Kong, Junhua, Wu, Chaoqun, Degraeve-Guibault, Charlotte, Chapman, Natalie H., Maucourt, Mickael, Hodgman, T. Charlie, Tost, Jörg, Bouzayen, Mondher, Hong, Yiguo, Seymour, Graham B., Giovannoni, James J., Gallusci, Philippe
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	United States National Academy of Sciences 25.08.2015 National Acad Sciences
Subjects	Arabidopsis Biological Sciences Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA Glycosylases - genetics DNA Glycosylases - physiology DNA Methylation DNA, Plant - genetics Enzymes Fruit - physiology Fruits Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes Genes, Plant Genomics Life Sciences Lycopersicon esculentum Lycopersicon esculentum - enzymology Lycopersicon esculentum - genetics Lycopersicon esculentum - growth & development Plant Proteins - genetics Plant Proteins - physiology Plants, Genetically Modified RNA Interference Tomatoes Vegetal Biology tomato fruit ripening epigenetic DNA glycosylase lyase active DNA demethylation
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ISSN	0027-8424 1091-6490 1091-6490
DOI	10.1073/pnas.1503362112

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Summary:	In plants, genomic DNA methylation which contributes to development and stress responses can be actively removed by DEMETER-like DNA demethylases (DMLs). Indeed, inArabidopsisDMLs are important for maternal imprinting and endosperm demethylation, but only a few studies demonstrate the developmental roles of active DNA demethylation conclusively in this plant. Here, we show a direct cause and effect relationship between active DNA demethylation mainly mediated by the tomato DML, SlDML2, and fruit ripening—an important developmental process unique to plants. RNAiSlDML2knockdown results in ripening inhibition via hypermethylation and repression of the expression of genes encoding ripening transcription factors and rate-limiting enzymes of key biochemical processes such as carotenoid synthesis. Our data demonstrate that active DNA demethylation is central to the control of ripening in tomato.
Bibliography:	SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 1R.L., A.H.K., and L.S. contributed equally to this work. Author contributions: T.C.H., Y.H., and P.G. designed research; R.L., A.H.-K., L.S., E.T., D.R., A.M.-B., S.H., M.L., J.K., C.W., C.D.-G., N.H.C., M.M., T.C.H., and P.G. performed research; A.H.-K. targeted bisulfite pyrosequencing; R.L., A.H.-K., E.T., D.R., A.M.-B., S.H., T.C.H., J.T., M.B., Y.H., G.B.S., J.J.G., and P.G. analyzed data; and E.T., G.B.S., J.J.G., and P.G. wrote the paper. Edited by Robert L. Fischer, University of California, Berkeley, CA, and approved July 8, 2015 (received for review March 3, 2015)
ISSN:	0027-8424 1091-6490 1091-6490
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1503362112