空气除氚系统中氚氧化催化剂的研究进展

在大型氚设施中空气除氚系统必不可少,通过气-水转换除去气态氚是目前应用最广泛也是最有效的工艺,过程中氧化催化剂至关重要。总结了气态氚的催化氧化研究进展、催化剂的催化性能及影响催化性能的主要因素。贵金属Pt和Pd在室温下对氚的转化效率接近100%,因而被广泛用于氚的催化氧化。通过负载分散载体、添加催化助剂、使用规整结构催化剂、设计新型的催化反应器能够进一步提高催化剂性能。以蜂窝状催化剂为研究热点的规整结构催化剂以其高比表面积和低压力降而显示出良好的催化性能,将它用于氚的催化氧化,是该领域的一个研究方向。氢、氘、氚在氧化过程中的同位素效应会影响除氚效率,需进行深入研究。...

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Published in核化学与放射化学 Vol. 35; no. 3; pp. 129 - 135
Main Author 巫泉文 罗文华 郑振华 黄志勇
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 表面物理与化学重点实验室,四川绵阳,621907%中国工程物理研究院,四川绵阳,621900 2013
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ISSN0253-9950
DOI10.7538/hhx.2013.35.03.0129

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Summary:在大型氚设施中空气除氚系统必不可少,通过气-水转换除去气态氚是目前应用最广泛也是最有效的工艺,过程中氧化催化剂至关重要。总结了气态氚的催化氧化研究进展、催化剂的催化性能及影响催化性能的主要因素。贵金属Pt和Pd在室温下对氚的转化效率接近100%,因而被广泛用于氚的催化氧化。通过负载分散载体、添加催化助剂、使用规整结构催化剂、设计新型的催化反应器能够进一步提高催化剂性能。以蜂窝状催化剂为研究热点的规整结构催化剂以其高比表面积和低压力降而显示出良好的催化性能,将它用于氚的催化氧化,是该领域的一个研究方向。氢、氘、氚在氧化过程中的同位素效应会影响除氚效率,需进行深入研究。
Bibliography:11-2045/TL
detritiation; catalyst; noble metal; honeycomb; isotope effect
Atmosphere detritiation systems with a catalytic reactor and tritiated water absorber are indispensable in tritium facilities to control the tritium release into the environment.Tritium oxidation catalyst with high performance has been strongly required in a tritium leak accident or low concentration tritium oxidation.The performances of catalysts in tritium oxidation and the effects of various factors on the catalytic performance are reviewed.Noble metals Pt and Pd are widely used as catalysts in tritium catalytic oxidation for their high efficiencies and low catalytic temperature.The tritium fractional conversion of Pt and Pd is close to 100% at room temperature, compared with 500℃ of cupric oxide.In recent years, more efficient catalysts with stable performance are required by the development of nuclear industry.Many techniques, such as depositing dispersive carrier, adding accessory ingredient and reprocessing the catalyst, can be use
ISSN:0253-9950
DOI:10.7538/hhx.2013.35.03.0129