电动背负式风送喷雾器设计与作业性能试验

针对作物冠层高大、枝叶茂密的情况,现有的施药机具存在雾滴穿透性能差、药液沉积不均匀、不适合作业条件等问题研制了电动背负式风送喷雾器。利用水敏纸、激光粒径分析仪、高速摄影仪测试了其射程、雾滴粒径、液膜雾化形态。利用液质联用仪测试了使用该喷雾器时农药在作物上的沉积分布,并测试了生物防治效果。结果表明：该喷雾器在有风送的条件下雾滴粒径变大、喷雾角减小、液膜变短,在最大风速下射程提高2倍以上。该喷雾器可以改善农药在作物叶片正背两面分布均匀性,使用TR80-01和TR80-02号喷头时农药利用率较手动喷雾器分别提高了1.38倍和1.14倍,在分别使用TR80-01和TR80-02喷头时用药量比手动喷雾器...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 21; pp. 67 - 73
Main Author 王士林 宋坚利 何雄奎 李艳杰 凌云
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 中国农业大学理学院,北京,100193 2016
Subjects
农业机械
减量施药
喷雾
沉积
雾滴谱
风送式
agricultural machinery
减量施药
风送式
droplet spectrum
deposition
air-assisted
沉积
spraying
喷雾
reduced pesticide
农业机械
雾滴谱
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.21.009

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Summary:针对作物冠层高大、枝叶茂密的情况,现有的施药机具存在雾滴穿透性能差、药液沉积不均匀、不适合作业条件等问题研制了电动背负式风送喷雾器。利用水敏纸、激光粒径分析仪、高速摄影仪测试了其射程、雾滴粒径、液膜雾化形态。利用液质联用仪测试了使用该喷雾器时农药在作物上的沉积分布,并测试了生物防治效果。结果表明：该喷雾器在有风送的条件下雾滴粒径变大、喷雾角减小、液膜变短,在最大风速下射程提高2倍以上。该喷雾器可以改善农药在作物叶片正背两面分布均匀性,使用TR80-01和TR80-02号喷头时农药利用率较手动喷雾器分别提高了1.38倍和1.14倍,在分别使用TR80-01和TR80-02喷头时用药量比手动喷雾器减少1/2和1/3的情况下药效没有明显的差异且增加了农药的持效期。该喷雾器可以提高农药的沉积分布均匀性和利用率,实现减量施药。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
Wang Shilin, Song Jianli, He Xiongkui, Li Yanjie, Ling Yun （College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China）
The major plant protection equipment in small fields is knapsack sprayer at present in China. When the canopies are tall or dense, the level/electric knapsack sprayers perform very poorly in droplet penetration. Motor knapsack mist sprayer is heavy, noisy and inconvenient to operate. An air-assisted electric knapsack sprayer was developed to improve the spraying efficiency of knapsack sprayer. The key component of the air-assisted electric knapsack sprayer is its atomizer with a motor installed behind the nozzle to drive a five-blade fan. When the motor rotates in a high speed to generate air flow, droplets are pushed to deposit to canopies. At the same time, the air flow blows and reverses leaves, so the droplets can deposit on both sides of leaves. The air-assisted sprayer can adjust its spray pressure from 0.15 to 0.6 MPa and the wind speed near air-flow outlet from
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.21.009