坡面水流滚波特征参数超声波自动测量系统构建与试验

精确高效的观测手段是深入研究坡面薄层水流特性的基础。基于系统集成理论和自动化测量原理,结合高精度超声波水位传感器,研制坡面水流滚波特征参数测量系统。在光面玻璃床面,5种坡度和5种单宽流量条件下进行实际测量应用,评价测量系统的精确度及稳定性,并与人工测针法和目测法测量结果比较分析。结果表明,测量数据相对误差为0.23%,变异系数为0.66%;测量系统和传统测量方法测得的滚波波峰值最为接近,滚波频率、波速和波长的接近程度依次减弱;相比人工测量方法,超声波测量操作简便,自动化程度高且能够进行持续稳定观测,具有较好地测量精度和可靠性,能够满足坡面水流滚波特性研究需求。研究成果在坡面水流测量手段改进方面...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 33; no. 3; pp. 134 - 139
Main Author 杨苗 龚家国 张宽地 范典 赵勇 王浩
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,杨凌,712100%中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京,100038 2017
Subjects
坡面
流量
测量
滚波特征参数
薄层水流
超声水位计
slope surface
薄层水流
流量
roll wave characteristic parameters
sheet flow
滚波特征参数
测量
坡面
ultrasonic flowmeters
flow rate
超声水位计
measurements
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.03.018

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Summary:精确高效的观测手段是深入研究坡面薄层水流特性的基础。基于系统集成理论和自动化测量原理,结合高精度超声波水位传感器,研制坡面水流滚波特征参数测量系统。在光面玻璃床面,5种坡度和5种单宽流量条件下进行实际测量应用,评价测量系统的精确度及稳定性,并与人工测针法和目测法测量结果比较分析。结果表明,测量数据相对误差为0.23%,变异系数为0.66%;测量系统和传统测量方法测得的滚波波峰值最为接近,滚波频率、波速和波长的接近程度依次减弱;相比人工测量方法,超声波测量操作简便,自动化程度高且能够进行持续稳定观测,具有较好地测量精度和可靠性,能够满足坡面水流滚波特性研究需求。研究成果在坡面水流测量手段改进方面具有广阔的运用前景。
Bibliography:Yang Miao1, Gong Jiaguo2, Zhang Kuandi1, Fan Dian1, Zhao Yong2, Wang Hao2 （1. College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A ＆F University, Yangling 712100, China; 2. Department of Water Resources, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China）
11-2047/S
ultrasonic flowmeters; flow rate; measurements; roll wave characteristic parameters; sheet flow; slope surface
The precise study of free surface flows is explored mostly because of their importance in construction of soil erosionmodels. The accurate and efficient observation methods can lay a solid foundation for the further study of characteristics ofslope flow. The objective of this work was to design an experimental system for measuring roll waves. The system was basedon a high-precision ultrasonic sensor. The measurement system was composed of ultrasonic sensors, data acquisition box andthe computer. The experiment was carried out in a hydraulic flume. The unit discharge varied from 0.167 to 0.500
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.03.018