玉米摘穗收获机械损伤影响因素分析

针对辊式玉米收获机收获损失大、籽粒损伤高的问题,该文通过理论分析与台架试验相结合的方法对摘穗过程中玉米损伤的影响因素及趋势进行了分析,建立了摘穗时果穗受力的数学模型并分析了各作用力随摘穗辊间隙、果穗直径的变化规律及其对收获损失和籽粒损伤的影响:随着摘穗辊间隙和果穗直径增大,摘穗辊凸棱对果穗的作用力、果穗受到摘穗辊的摩擦力以及果穗大端籽粒所受竖直方向的作用力都呈增大趋势,果穗损伤增加;果穗长度超过175 mm时,随果穗长度增加籽粒损伤明显增大,但果穗长度对籽粒损失无显著影响;摘穗辊转速在650~850 r/min变化时,果穗损伤率和籽粒损失随转速增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势;利用高速摄像技术对果穗...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 22; pp. 56 - 62
Main Author 耿爱军 杨建宁 张姬 张智龙 杨启勇 李汝莘
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 山东省园艺机械与装备重点实验室,泰安 271000%山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,泰安,271000 2016
山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,泰安 271000
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.22.008

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Summary:针对辊式玉米收获机收获损失大、籽粒损伤高的问题,该文通过理论分析与台架试验相结合的方法对摘穗过程中玉米损伤的影响因素及趋势进行了分析,建立了摘穗时果穗受力的数学模型并分析了各作用力随摘穗辊间隙、果穗直径的变化规律及其对收获损失和籽粒损伤的影响:随着摘穗辊间隙和果穗直径增大,摘穗辊凸棱对果穗的作用力、果穗受到摘穗辊的摩擦力以及果穗大端籽粒所受竖直方向的作用力都呈增大趋势,果穗损伤增加;果穗长度超过175 mm时,随果穗长度增加籽粒损伤明显增大,但果穗长度对籽粒损失无显著影响;摘穗辊转速在650~850 r/min变化时,果穗损伤率和籽粒损失随转速增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势;利用高速摄像技术对果穗的运动分析发现:果穗竖直方向运动速度对果穗损伤无明显影响,但果穗与摘穗辊接触时间越长,越容易对果穗造成损伤。该文通过对机械摘穗损伤机理的分析明确了影响摘穗损伤的主要因素,可为玉米摘穗装置的优化设计提供参考。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
In order to study the damage and mechanism of corn during corn ear picking, this paper analyzed the force of corn ear when picking corn ear, and then found that there were 3 kinds of forces working on corn ear, which were the reacting force, the frictional forces of stripping roller and the force of stripping roller rib, and caused the corn ear damage with different forms. This paper made the mathematical model of forces, and analyzed their change law and their influence on the damage of corn ear. With the rising of corn ear diameter, the reacting force, the frictional forces of stripping roller and the seed loss increased. The experiments of corn ear picking were carried out on test bed. The results showed that the damage of corn seed increased as the length of corn ear was greater than 175 mm. Because with the increase of the corn ear, the center of gravity for corn ears was upward and the corn ear swing increased when it was picked, the probability of collision increased. The rate of corn damage d
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.22.008