月季‘云粉’花粉母细胞减数分裂的初步研究

【目的】本文探讨了切花月季自育品种‘云粉’作父本时结籽率差异显著且较低的原因。【方法】以改良的制片法对‘云粉’的花粉母细胞减数分裂各个时期进行了观察。【结果】观察‘云粉’花粉母细胞减数分裂的最佳时期是当花药由淡绿色转变为淡黄色、花蕾横径为1.03~1.07 cm、纵径为2.9~3.4 cm大小时;在同一花药中,花粉母细胞的减数分裂并不同步,可以观察到不同时期的分裂相。花粉母细胞在减数第1次分裂过程中存在单价体、三价体、染色体桥等异常现象,减数第2次分裂末期观察到三分体和二分体。【结论】‘云粉’因花粉母细胞减数分裂过程存在异常分裂现象,从而产生2n雄配子,在一定程度上降低了其作父本时的结籽率。...

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Published in西南农业学报 Vol. 30; no. 4; pp. 881 - 886
Main Author 陈敏 王园媛 黎霞 李慧敏 吴旻 张颢 王其刚 张婷 蹇洪英
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所/云南省花卉育种重点实验室/国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,云南昆明,650200%云南师范大学文理学院,云南昆明,650222 2017
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ISSN1001-4829
DOI10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2017.4.028

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Summary:【目的】本文探讨了切花月季自育品种‘云粉’作父本时结籽率差异显著且较低的原因。【方法】以改良的制片法对‘云粉’的花粉母细胞减数分裂各个时期进行了观察。【结果】观察‘云粉’花粉母细胞减数分裂的最佳时期是当花药由淡绿色转变为淡黄色、花蕾横径为1.03~1.07 cm、纵径为2.9~3.4 cm大小时;在同一花药中,花粉母细胞的减数分裂并不同步,可以观察到不同时期的分裂相。花粉母细胞在减数第1次分裂过程中存在单价体、三价体、染色体桥等异常现象,减数第2次分裂末期观察到三分体和二分体。【结论】‘云粉’因花粉母细胞减数分裂过程存在异常分裂现象,从而产生2n雄配子,在一定程度上降低了其作父本时的结籽率。
Bibliography:51-1213/S
[ Objective]Rosa ' Yunfen' was a plant breeders' right owned new cut rose cultivar. The rose hip and achene setting rates were very low and differred significantly among crossing combinations when R. ' Yunfen' was used as the paternal parents in hybridization breeding. [ Method ] To find the reason, pollen mother cell meiosis of R. ' Yunfen' was observed and the meiotic phases in different periods of the division were recorded in this study. [ Result ] The optimal time for observation of meiosis was when the bud was about 1.03 - 1.07 cm wide and 2.9 - 3.4 cm long. At that stage, the anther colour turned from light green to yellowish green. The meiotic behaviors of pollen mother cells were non-synchronic and several meiosis phases could be observed in the same anther. Abnormal phenomina of meiosis such as univalent, trivalent and chromosome-bridge could be observed in the first division of meiosis. Then, triad and dyad were produced in the second division of meiosis of R. ' Yunfen' , by which 2n polle
ISSN:1001-4829
DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2017.4.028