Interleukin 1β receptor and synaptic dysfunction in recurrent brain infection with Herpes simplex virus type-1

• Published in: Neural regeneration research Vol. 20; no. 2; pp. 416 - 423
• Main Authors: Piacentini, Roberto, Grassi, Claudio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 01.02.2025; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd; Department of Neuroscience,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore,Rome,Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli,IRCCS,Rome,Italy; Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
• Edition: 2
• Subjects: herpes simplex virus type 1; interleukin 1β; microglia; neuroinflammation; Review; synaptic dysfunction; interleukin 1β; herpes simplex virus type 1; synaptic dysfunction; neuroinflammation; microglia
• ISSN: 1673-5374; 1876-7958
• DOI: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01690

Several experimental evidence suggests a link between brain Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood. Among the molecular mediators of synaptic and cognitive dysfunction occurring after Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and reactivation in the brain neuroinflammatory cytokines seem to occupy a central role. Here, we specifically reviewed literature reports dealing with the impact of neuroinflammation on synaptic dysfunction observed after recurrent Herpes simplex virus type-1 reactivation in the brain, highlighting the role of interleukins and, in particular, interleukin 1β as a possible target against Herpes simplex virus type-1-induced neuronal dysfunctions.