不同时期供氮比例对烟株生长发育以及烟叶质量的影响
以红花大金元为试材,采用套盆设计和基质栽培盆栽试验,精准控制烟株不同时期的供氮比例,研究了3种氮素供应模式（伸根期、旺长期和成熟期供氮比例各为25-45-30、30-55-15、40-60-0）对烟株生长发育、成熟期NR酶、GS酶、烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明：在总供氮量一致的条件下,适当增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例,降低甚至停止成熟期供氮,有利于促进烟株生长发育,降低成熟期NR酶、GS酶活性,控制含氮化合物的合成,从而促进成熟落黄;烤后烟叶物理性状更优,叶片大小降低13.87%～27.32%,单叶重减小17.39%～37.99%,叶质重降低4.39%～10.10%,蛋白质、烟碱、总氮含量降低,...
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| Published in | 江西农业学报 Vol. 27; no. 12; pp. 64 - 68 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
河南农业大学 烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,河南 郑州,450002%云南省烟草公司 大理州公司,云南 大理,671000
2015
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1001-8581 |
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| Abstract | 以红花大金元为试材,采用套盆设计和基质栽培盆栽试验,精准控制烟株不同时期的供氮比例,研究了3种氮素供应模式（伸根期、旺长期和成熟期供氮比例各为25-45-30、30-55-15、40-60-0）对烟株生长发育、成熟期NR酶、GS酶、烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明：在总供氮量一致的条件下,适当增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例,降低甚至停止成熟期供氮,有利于促进烟株生长发育,降低成熟期NR酶、GS酶活性,控制含氮化合物的合成,从而促进成熟落黄;烤后烟叶物理性状更优,叶片大小降低13.87%～27.32%,单叶重减小17.39%～37.99%,叶质重降低4.39%～10.10%,蛋白质、烟碱、总氮含量降低,还原糖、总糖以及钾含量提高,化学成分协调性增加,评吸质量提高,中性致香成分含量提高11.77%～18.45%,其中,以施氮比例伸根期40%＋旺长期60%＋成熟期0%为宜,因此,氮素施用适当前移,增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例,降低甚至停止成熟期供氮,有利于烟株前期生长发育以及后期成熟落黄,并提高烟叶质量。 |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | S572; 以红花大金元为试材，采用套盆设计和基质栽培盆栽试验，精准控制烟株不同时期的供氮比例，研究了3种氮素供应模式（伸根期、旺长期和成熟期供氮比例各为25－45－30、30－55－15、40－60－0）对烟株生长发育、成熟期NR酶、GS酶、烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明：在总供氮量一致的条件下，适当增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例，降低甚至停止成熟期供氮，有利于促进烟株生长发育，降低成熟期NR酶、GS酶活性，控制含氮化合物的合成，从而促进成熟落黄；烤后烟叶物理性状更优，叶片大小降低13．87％～27．32％，单叶重减小17．39％～37．99％，叶质重降低4．39％～10．10％，蛋白质、烟碱、总氮含量降低，还原糖、总糖以及钾含量提高，化学成分协调性增加，评吸质量提高，中性致香成分含量提高11．77％～18．45％，其中，以施氮比例伸根期40％＋旺长期60％＋成熟期0％为宜，因此，氮素施用适当前移，增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例，降低甚至停止成熟期供氮，有利于烟株前期生长发育以及后期成熟落黄，并提高烟叶质量。 以红花大金元为试材,采用套盆设计和基质栽培盆栽试验,精准控制烟株不同时期的供氮比例,研究了3种氮素供应模式（伸根期、旺长期和成熟期供氮比例各为25-45-30、30-55-15、40-60-0）对烟株生长发育、成熟期NR酶、GS酶、烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明：在总供氮量一致的条件下,适当增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例,降低甚至停止成熟期供氮,有利于促进烟株生长发育,降低成熟期NR酶、GS酶活性,控制含氮化合物的合成,从而促进成熟落黄;烤后烟叶物理性状更优,叶片大小降低13.87%～27.32%,单叶重减小17.39%～37.99%,叶质重降低4.39%～10.10%,蛋白质、烟碱、总氮含量降低,还原糖、总糖以及钾含量提高,化学成分协调性增加,评吸质量提高,中性致香成分含量提高11.77%～18.45%,其中,以施氮比例伸根期40%＋旺长期60%＋成熟期0%为宜,因此,氮素施用适当前移,增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例,降低甚至停止成熟期供氮,有利于烟株前期生长发育以及后期成熟落黄,并提高烟叶质量。 |
| Abstract_FL | Flue-cured variety Hongda was taken as the experimental material , and the substrate-culture pot experiments were carried out, in which the nitrogen application rates at different growth stages of Hongda were accurately controlled .Three ratios (25-45-30, 30-55-15, and 40-60-0) of nitrogen supply for root extension stage , vigorous growing stage, and maturity stage were de-signed.On this basis, the effects of three nitrogen supply modes on the growth and development of tobacco plants , the activities of nitrate reductase ( NR) and glutamine synthetase ( GS) at maturity stage , and the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves were studied . The results showed that:under the condition of the same total nitrogen application rate , properly increasing the nitrogen supply ratio at root extension stage and vigorous growing stage , and reducing even canceling the nitrogen supply at maturity stage could promote the growth and development of tobacco plants at earlier stage , decrease the activities of NR and GS at maturity stage , control the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds , thus promote the maturity of tobacco leaves .Furthermore, after decreasing the nitrogen supply ratio at maturity stage, the physical properties of baked tobacco leaves became better , for instance, the leaf size, single-leaf weight and leaf specific weight respectively reduced by 13.87%~27.32%, 17.39%~37.99%and 4.39%~10.10%;the contents of protein, nicotine and total nitrogen tended lower , the contents of reducing sugar , total sugar and potassium tended higher , hence, the coordination of inherent chemical compositions in cured tobacco leaves got better , and their smoking quality was improved;the content of neutral aroma components was increased by 11.77%~18.45%.Among 3 nitrogen supply ratios , the ratio 40∶60∶0 ( root extension stage∶vigorous growing stage∶maturity stage ) was the best . |
| Author | 许东亚 孙军伟 孙淑 焦哲恒 史宏志 |
| AuthorAffiliation | 河南农业大学烟草学院／国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,河南郑州450002 云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南大理671000 |
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| Author_FL | JIAO Zhe-heng XU Dong-ya SHI Hong-zhi SUN Wen-shu SUN Jun-wei |
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| DocumentTitleAlternate | Effects of Nitrogen Supply Ratio at Different Stages on Growth and Leaf Quality of Tobacco |
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| Keywords | Nitrogen supply ratio Growth and development Quality of tobacco leaf 烤烟 烟叶质量 生长发育 供氮比例 Flue-cured tobacco |
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| Notes | 36-1124/S Flue-cured variety Hongda was taken as the experimental material, and the substrate-culture pot experiments were carried out, in which the nitrogen application rates at different growth stages of Hongda were accurately controlled. Three ratios （25- 45-30, 30-55-15, and 40-60-0） of nitrogen supply for root extension stage, vigorous growing stage, and maturity stage were de- signed. On this basis, the effects of three nitrogen supply modes on the growth and development of tobacco plants, the activities of nitrate reductase （NR） and glutamine synthetase （GS） at maturity stage, and the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that： under the condition of the same total nitrogen application rate, properly increasing the nitrogen supply ratio at root extension stage and vigorous growing stage, and reducing even canceling the nitrogen supply at maturity stage could promote the growth and development of tobacco plants at earlier stage, decrease the activities of NR and GS at matu |
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| Publisher | 河南农业大学 烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,河南 郑州,450002%云南省烟草公司 大理州公司,云南 大理,671000 |
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| Snippet | 以红花大金元为试材,采用套盆设计和基质栽培盆栽试验,精准控制烟株不同时期的供氮比例,研究了3种氮素供应模式（伸根期、旺长期和成熟期供氮比例各... S572; 以红花大金元为试材，采用套盆设计和基质栽培盆栽试验，精准控制烟株不同时期的供氮比例，研究了3种氮素供应模式（伸根期、旺长期和成熟期供氮比例各... |
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| SubjectTerms | 供氮比例 烟叶质量 烤烟 生长发育 |
| Title | 不同时期供氮比例对烟株生长发育以及烟叶质量的影响 |
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