不同时期供氮比例对烟株生长发育以及烟叶质量的影响

以红花大金元为试材,采用套盆设计和基质栽培盆栽试验,精准控制烟株不同时期的供氮比例,研究了3种氮素供应模式（伸根期、旺长期和成熟期供氮比例各为25-45-30、30-55-15、40-60-0）对烟株生长发育、成熟期NR酶、GS酶、烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明：在总供氮量一致的条件下,适当增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例,降低甚至停止成熟期供氮,有利于促进烟株生长发育,降低成熟期NR酶、GS酶活性,控制含氮化合物的合成,从而促进成熟落黄;烤后烟叶物理性状更优,叶片大小降低13.87%～27.32%,单叶重减小17.39%～37.99%,叶质重降低4.39%～10.10%,蛋白质、烟碱、总氮含量降低,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in江西农业学报 Vol. 27; no. 12; pp. 64 - 68
Main Author 许东亚 孙军伟 孙淑 焦哲恒 史宏志
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 河南农业大学 烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,河南 郑州,450002%云南省烟草公司 大理州公司,云南 大理,671000 2015
Subjects
供氮比例
烟叶质量
烤烟
生长发育
Nitrogen supply ratio
Growth and development
Quality of tobacco leaf
烤烟
烟叶质量
生长发育
供氮比例
Flue-cured tobacco
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ISSN1001-8581

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Summary:以红花大金元为试材,采用套盆设计和基质栽培盆栽试验,精准控制烟株不同时期的供氮比例,研究了3种氮素供应模式（伸根期、旺长期和成熟期供氮比例各为25-45-30、30-55-15、40-60-0）对烟株生长发育、成熟期NR酶、GS酶、烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明：在总供氮量一致的条件下,适当增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例,降低甚至停止成熟期供氮,有利于促进烟株生长发育,降低成熟期NR酶、GS酶活性,控制含氮化合物的合成,从而促进成熟落黄;烤后烟叶物理性状更优,叶片大小降低13.87%～27.32%,单叶重减小17.39%～37.99%,叶质重降低4.39%～10.10%,蛋白质、烟碱、总氮含量降低,还原糖、总糖以及钾含量提高,化学成分协调性增加,评吸质量提高,中性致香成分含量提高11.77%～18.45%,其中,以施氮比例伸根期40%＋旺长期60%＋成熟期0%为宜,因此,氮素施用适当前移,增加伸根期、旺长期施氮比例,降低甚至停止成熟期供氮,有利于烟株前期生长发育以及后期成熟落黄,并提高烟叶质量。
Bibliography:36-1124/S
Flue-cured variety Hongda was taken as the experimental material, and the substrate-culture pot experiments were carried out, in which the nitrogen application rates at different growth stages of Hongda were accurately controlled. Three ratios （25- 45-30, 30-55-15, and 40-60-0） of nitrogen supply for root extension stage, vigorous growing stage, and maturity stage were de- signed. On this basis, the effects of three nitrogen supply modes on the growth and development of tobacco plants, the activities of nitrate reductase （NR） and glutamine synthetase （GS） at maturity stage, and the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that： under the condition of the same total nitrogen application rate, properly increasing the nitrogen supply ratio at root extension stage and vigorous growing stage, and reducing even canceling the nitrogen supply at maturity stage could promote the growth and development of tobacco plants at earlier stage, decrease the activities of NR and GS at matu
ISSN:1001-8581