不同坡度下紫色土地表微地形变化及其对土壤侵蚀的影响

为了揭示川中丘陵区紫色土地表微地形变化对土壤侵蚀的影响,该文通过室内人工模拟降雨试验,从地表糙度角度出发,结合多重分形理论与方法,分析了不同坡度条件下紫色土地表微地形变化特征,探讨了地表微地形变化与土壤侵蚀间的关系。结果表明：1）雨强为1.5 mm/min,历时为40 min降雨条件下,10°、15°和20°坡面地表相对高程的变化量分别为-11.66、-3.52和-5.61 mm,仅20°坡面地表初始低洼部位被径流贯通形成细沟;各坡面地表糙度均有所减小,且表现为15°〉10°〉20°,其中10°和15°坡面不同坡位地表糙度均较雨前减小,20°坡面下坡地表糙度较雨前增大,不同坡度全坡面地表糙度均...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 31; no. 8; pp. 168 - 175
Main Author 郑子成 秦凤 李廷轩
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 四川农业大学资源学院,成都,611130 2015
Subjects
侵蚀
土壤
地形
坡度
多重分形特征
微地形
紫色土
侵蚀
multifractal characteristics
purple soil
土壤
坡度
microrelief
landforms
微地形
多重分形特征
地形
erosion
slope gradient
soils
紫色土
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.08.025

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Summary:为了揭示川中丘陵区紫色土地表微地形变化对土壤侵蚀的影响,该文通过室内人工模拟降雨试验,从地表糙度角度出发,结合多重分形理论与方法,分析了不同坡度条件下紫色土地表微地形变化特征,探讨了地表微地形变化与土壤侵蚀间的关系。结果表明：1）雨强为1.5 mm/min,历时为40 min降雨条件下,10°、15°和20°坡面地表相对高程的变化量分别为-11.66、-3.52和-5.61 mm,仅20°坡面地表初始低洼部位被径流贯通形成细沟;各坡面地表糙度均有所减小,且表现为15°〉10°〉20°,其中10°和15°坡面不同坡位地表糙度均较雨前减小,20°坡面下坡地表糙度较雨前增大,不同坡度全坡面地表糙度均较雨前减小;2）地表微地形具有一定的多重分形特征,10°和15°坡面雨后多重分形参数广义分形维数跨度、奇异指数跨度和多重分形谱高差均较雨前增大,微地形空间分布差异增大,且地表变得圆润,20°坡面与之相反;3）随坡度增大,地表径流量呈先减小后增大的变化趋势,且地表糙度变幅越小的坡面,地表产流量越高,而侵蚀产沙量则随坡度的增大显著提高（P〈0.05）。研究成果为揭示水蚀过程中地表微地形变化的本质和作用机理提供了参考。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
landforms;soils;erosion;slope gradient;microrelief;multifractal characteristics;purple soil
Zheng Zicheng, Qin Feng, Li Tingxuan （College of Resources, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, China）
Soil surface microrelief is a key parameter which influences many processes of soil erosion and runoff. In order to clarify the effect of soil surface roughness on soil erosion in purple hilly areas of Sichuan, from the perspective of the surface roughness combined with the multifractal theory and method, the indoor artificial rainfall experiments were conducted to study the change of soil surface microrelief under different slope gradients. On that basis, the relationship between soil surface microrelief and soil erosion was explored. The results showed that： 1） Under the rainfall intensity of 1.5 mm/min and rainfall duration of 40 min, the variations of relative elevation were -11.66, -3.52 and -5.61 mm respectively for the slope gradients of 10°, 15° and 20°. After rainfall, there was not remarka
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.08.025