川中丘陵区玉米土壤供氮能力与推荐施氮指标的构建

本文汇总川中丘陵区2005-2010年玉米"3414"田间试验结果,旨在筛选出反映土壤供氮能力的可靠指标,建立氮肥施肥指标体系。采用养分丰缺指标法,以相对产量60%、70%、80%、90%为标准,将土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮划分为5个等级,运用养分平衡法计算最佳氮肥(N)推荐用量,比较不同土壤肥力水平下的氮肥效应。结果表明:1有机质与缺氮区相对产量、最佳施氮量建立"直线模型",回归决定系数R2分别为0.2686和0.2579,预测精度较高。全氮、碱解氮与缺氮区相对产量、最佳施氮量的回归决定系数R2均不足0.2。因此,有机质为反映土壤供氮能力和推荐施氮的优选指标。2土壤有机质含量处于很丰富(〉35...

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Published in西南农业学报 Vol. 28; no. 2; pp. 637 - 643
Main Author 蒋虹荣 李廷轩 戢林 余海英 黄亿
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 四川农业大学资源环境学院,四川成都,611130 2015
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ISSN1001-4829
DOI10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2015.02.034

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Summary:本文汇总川中丘陵区2005-2010年玉米"3414"田间试验结果,旨在筛选出反映土壤供氮能力的可靠指标,建立氮肥施肥指标体系。采用养分丰缺指标法,以相对产量60%、70%、80%、90%为标准,将土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮划分为5个等级,运用养分平衡法计算最佳氮肥(N)推荐用量,比较不同土壤肥力水平下的氮肥效应。结果表明:1有机质与缺氮区相对产量、最佳施氮量建立"直线模型",回归决定系数R2分别为0.2686和0.2579,预测精度较高。全氮、碱解氮与缺氮区相对产量、最佳施氮量的回归决定系数R2均不足0.2。因此,有机质为反映土壤供氮能力和推荐施氮的优选指标。2土壤有机质含量处于很丰富(〉35 g/kg)、丰富(25-35 g/kg)、中等(20-25 g/kg)、缺乏(10-20 g/kg)、很缺(〈10 g/kg)等级时,氮肥(N)推荐用量分别为0-110,110-170,170-200,200-270,270-350 kg/hm2。3川中丘陵区氮肥农学效率、养分回收率、增产率和肥料贡献率平均值分别为11.0 kg/kg、33.0%、60.0%和43.8%,均随着土壤肥力等级的提高而降低。
Bibliography:Corn Nutrient classification index Fertilizer recommendation Nitrogen fertilizer effect
Based on the results of the corn‘3414'experiments in middle of Sichuan hilly regions from 2005-2010,the best soil nitrogen supplying index was obtained,and nitrogen fertilizer recommendation index was developed. Taking plentiful-lack of soil nutrition as an index,the organic matter( OM),total nitrogen( TN) and available nitrogen( AN) were classified by relative yield of 60 %,70 %,80 %and 90 %,then the optimal nitrogen fertilizer rates were calculated by nutritious balance method,and then the nitrogen fertilizer effect of different fertility levels were analyzed. The results showed that( i) The regression determination coefficient R2 of soil organic matter( OM) with the corn relative yield of N deficiency( R2= 0. 2686) and the optimal nitrogen fertilizer rates( R2= 0. 2579) both were above total nitrogen( TN) and available nitrogen( AN) obviously. Therefore organic matter was more suitable for soil nitrogen supplying index a
ISSN:1001-4829
DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2015.02.034