覆膜耕作方式对河套灌区土壤水热效应及玉米产量的影响

通过设置垄作全膜、垄作半膜、平作全膜以及平作半膜4个覆膜耕作处理,探究不同覆膜耕作方式对河套灌区土壤水热及春玉米产量的影响。结果表明:1)2个生长季内垄作全膜处理各阶段土壤含水率和温度均最高,保水保温效果明显。2)耕层土壤温度的变化规律和含水率的变化规律相反,随着土壤温度升高,土壤含水率逐渐降低。3)玉米生育期内随着温度升高和作物耗水量增大,全膜覆盖和垄作耕作方式的蓄水保墒效果愈加明显;干旱条件下,耕作措施较覆膜方式对地温的影响更为明显;而在水量充沛条件下,覆膜方式则表现出对地温更显著的影响。田间起垄耕作结合全膜覆盖的种植方式,可以获得较高的穗行数和穗粒数,有利于干物质的积累,促进滴灌条件下玉...

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Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 20; pp. 108 - 113
Main Author 齐智娟 冯浩 张体彬 周立峰
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 中国科学院大学,北京 100049%中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,杨凌 712100 2016
中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,杨凌 712100
西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,杨凌 712100%中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,杨凌,712100%西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,杨凌,712100
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.20.014

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Summary:通过设置垄作全膜、垄作半膜、平作全膜以及平作半膜4个覆膜耕作处理,探究不同覆膜耕作方式对河套灌区土壤水热及春玉米产量的影响。结果表明:1)2个生长季内垄作全膜处理各阶段土壤含水率和温度均最高,保水保温效果明显。2)耕层土壤温度的变化规律和含水率的变化规律相反,随着土壤温度升高,土壤含水率逐渐降低。3)玉米生育期内随着温度升高和作物耗水量增大,全膜覆盖和垄作耕作方式的蓄水保墒效果愈加明显;干旱条件下,耕作措施较覆膜方式对地温的影响更为明显;而在水量充沛条件下,覆膜方式则表现出对地温更显著的影响。田间起垄耕作结合全膜覆盖的种植方式,可以获得较高的穗行数和穗粒数,有利于干物质的积累,促进滴灌条件下玉米产量的形成,同时提高水分利用效率,为河套灌区农业节水和玉米高产提供了技术依据。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
irrigation; soils; water; drip irrigation; tillage methods; film mulch; soil temperature; corn
Soil hydrothermal condition is one of the most important factors affecting crop growth and development in semi-arid areas. In this study, we aimed to investigate effects of different film and tillage technology modes on spring maize yield and soil hydrothermal condition in Hetao Irrigation District. The experiment included four treatments: ridge tillage with full film mulching(LQ), ridge tillage with partial film mulching(LB), flat tillage with full film mulching(PQ) and flat tillage with partial film mulching(PB). The results showed that the soil moisture and soil temperature of LQ were higher(P0.05) than the LB, PQ and PB treatments in the whole growing stage in 2014 and 2015. The suitable soil thermal conditions in LQ made plant grow vigorously, and it consumed large amount of soil water to enhance biomass and leaf area accumulation. In addition, the full film mulching was more effective at enhancing comp
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.20.014