水稻秸秆和蚕沙生物炭对玉米植株镉累积的影响

【目的】研究生物炭对土壤镉生物有效性和玉米植株镉累积的影响,为生物炭在重金属污染土壤修复及农业废弃物的资源化利用提供参考。【方法】选用水稻秸秆和蚕沙在500℃限氧条件下制备生物炭,通过室内培养实验（45 d）研究添加1%生物炭对镉污染土壤（5 mg/kg）中镉化学形态（BCR法）的影响,并从土壤p H值和阳离子交换量的变换初步探讨生物炭对土壤镉的钝化机理;通过玉米盆栽实验（45 d）研究添加0.5%和1%生物炭对玉米植株镉含量变化的影响。【结果】在培养结束时,添加水稻秸秆生物炭和蚕沙生物炭的土壤镉弱酸可提取态含量分别降低了27.76%和38.40%,残渣态含量分别增加了150.00%和188....

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Published in西南农业学报 Vol. 30; no. 5; pp. 1115 - 1120
Main Author 杨惟薇 张超兰 潘丽萍 覃霞
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 广西大学环境学院,广西南宁,530005%广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西南宁,530007 2017
Subjects
化学形态
富集系数
玉米植株
生物炭
转运系数
镉
Cadmium
玉米植株
Chemical forms
转运系数
生物炭
Maize plants
化学形态
镉
Biochar
Transfer coefficient
Bioaccumulation coefficient
富集系数
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ISSN1001-4829
DOI10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2017.5.023

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Summary:【目的】研究生物炭对土壤镉生物有效性和玉米植株镉累积的影响,为生物炭在重金属污染土壤修复及农业废弃物的资源化利用提供参考。【方法】选用水稻秸秆和蚕沙在500℃限氧条件下制备生物炭,通过室内培养实验（45 d）研究添加1%生物炭对镉污染土壤（5 mg/kg）中镉化学形态（BCR法）的影响,并从土壤p H值和阳离子交换量的变换初步探讨生物炭对土壤镉的钝化机理;通过玉米盆栽实验（45 d）研究添加0.5%和1%生物炭对玉米植株镉含量变化的影响。【结果】在培养结束时,添加水稻秸秆生物炭和蚕沙生物炭的土壤镉弱酸可提取态含量分别降低了27.76%和38.40%,残渣态含量分别增加了150.00%和188.10%;添加1%的水稻秸秆生物炭和蚕沙生物炭,玉米植株地下部分镉含量分别下降了33.33%和50.00%,地上部分下降了42.85%和62.86%。【结论】2种生物炭能有效降低土壤镉的弱酸可提取态和可还原态含量,增加可氧化态和残渣态含量,使土壤镉的生物活性显著降低,有效地减少了其向玉米植株的迁移和富集,蚕沙生物炭对土壤镉的钝化效果较好。
Bibliography:[ Objective] The present study was to provide a reference in resource utilization of agriculture wastes and biochars in remediating of heavy metal contaminated soils in Guangxi by investigating the effect of biochar application on the bioavailability of Cd in soil and its accumu- lation in maize plants. [ Method ] Two kinds of local agricultural wastes, rice straw and silkworm excrement （ BCrs and BCse for short, respec- tively） in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were used to prepare biochars at 500 ~C with limited oxygen supply. Indoor pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of 1% as-prepared biochars on chemical forms of Cd （BCR for short）in Cd polluted soil （5 mg/ kg）. Moreover, the immobilization mechanism of Cd in the soil was evaluated via monitoring the change ofpH value and cation exchange ca- pacity. In addition, pot experiments （45 days）were carried out to study the effect of two different concentrations （0.5 % and 1% ）of bio- chars on Cd accumulation in maize. [ Result] The conten
ISSN:1001-4829
DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2017.5.023