流域尺度根区蓄水能力估算及其对气象要素敏感性分析
根区蓄水能力(SR)在水文模拟、土壤水分运移以及植被生长发育等方面具有十分重要的作用。为对其进行流域尺度的估算,选取太子河上游南甸(峪)流域作为研究区,利用水量累积曲线法(mass curve technique,MCT)估算SR,基于流域出口水文站月径流深,对耦合了融雪模块的概念性水文模型FLEX进行参数率定,获取土壤蓄水能力Su Max,并与MCT的估算结果进行交叉验证。在此基础上设定不同气候情景,分析SR对降雨、融雪、蒸散发的敏感性。结果表明:1)改进的FLEX水文模型可用于模拟研究区径流,获得代表研究区土壤蓄水量多年平均水平的参数Su Max值为27 mm;2)水量累积曲线法得到的多年...
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| Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 2; pp. 155 - 160 |
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| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
全球变化研究协同创新中心,北京 100875
2016
北京师范大学水科学研究院,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京 100875%北京师范大学水科学研究院,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京 100875 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1002-6819 |
| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.02.023 |
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| Summary: | 根区蓄水能力(SR)在水文模拟、土壤水分运移以及植被生长发育等方面具有十分重要的作用。为对其进行流域尺度的估算,选取太子河上游南甸(峪)流域作为研究区,利用水量累积曲线法(mass curve technique,MCT)估算SR,基于流域出口水文站月径流深,对耦合了融雪模块的概念性水文模型FLEX进行参数率定,获取土壤蓄水能力Su Max,并与MCT的估算结果进行交叉验证。在此基础上设定不同气候情景,分析SR对降雨、融雪、蒸散发的敏感性。结果表明:1)改进的FLEX水文模型可用于模拟研究区径流,获得代表研究区土壤蓄水量多年平均水平的参数Su Max值为27 mm;2)水量累积曲线法得到的多年SR值服从耿贝尔(Gumbel)分布,且FLEX模型获得的根区蓄水能力检验了水量累积曲线法的估算结果;3)SR随蒸散发、降雨和融雪变化的曲线斜率分别为1.37、0.73和0.37,说明SR对蒸散发、降雨和融雪的敏感程度依次减弱,随着蒸散量增加、降雨量减少的幅度增大,敏感程度增强,融雪的增大或减少对SR的影响相近。研究结果为流域尺度根区缺水状况估算及维持植被系统生长发育提供一定依据。 |
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| Bibliography: | Moisture storage capacity at root zone plays an important role in hydrological processes, soil moisture movement and vegetation development, which is also a crucial parameter in hydrological and ecological modelling. However, due to the great heterogeneity in soil texture and the restriction of observation currently, there is no effective way to observe this parameter at catchment scales. In this study, a typical catchment of the Taizi River in Northeast China was selected as the study area. On the basis of monthly runoff depth data at Nandianyu Hydrological Station, the parameters in FLEX model were calibrated and validated during different time periods, of which the parameter Su represents the moisture storage capacity at root zone, while the Su Max corresponds to the Su under the best hydrological process condition in simulation. A snow model was incorporated in the original FLEX hydrological model in order to improve the performance of the model in the places where snow and melting water cannot be ignored |
| ISSN: | 1002-6819 |
| DOI: | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.02.023 |