农村土质道路路面形态对道路侵蚀的影响
路面形态作为道路微结构的表现形式,改变道路降雨侵蚀特征,对调节道路系统水沙传递过程有重要意义。本文以拱形、侧向形、平直形、凹形等4种常见路面形态为研究对象,通过室内模拟降雨试验,研究坡度(5°、10°、15°)及路形差异下,道路侵蚀特点。结果表明:路形对产沙的影响高于产流,路形通过改变路面径流的水力学特征来改变产沙特性;在坡度10°和15°时,凹形路面径流流态为急流,流速最大,土壤侵蚀率显著高于其他路形,且侵蚀泥沙颗粒粒径较大;在坡度5°和10°时,拱形和平直形路面水流流态为缓流,拱形路面产流产沙能力最弱,抵抗降雨侵蚀的能力最好。凹形和平直形路面对坡度的敏感性较高,随着坡度提升,产沙量和水流能...
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          | Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 19; pp. 162 - 168 | 
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| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article | 
| Language | Chinese | 
| Published | 
            华中农业大学水土保持研究中心,武汉,430070%华中农业大学水土保持研究中心,武汉 430070
    
        2016
     江西省土壤侵蚀和防治重点实验室,南昌 330029 江西省水土保持科学研究院,南昌 330029  | 
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text | 
| ISSN | 1002-6819 | 
| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.19.023 | 
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| Summary: | 路面形态作为道路微结构的表现形式,改变道路降雨侵蚀特征,对调节道路系统水沙传递过程有重要意义。本文以拱形、侧向形、平直形、凹形等4种常见路面形态为研究对象,通过室内模拟降雨试验,研究坡度(5°、10°、15°)及路形差异下,道路侵蚀特点。结果表明:路形对产沙的影响高于产流,路形通过改变路面径流的水力学特征来改变产沙特性;在坡度10°和15°时,凹形路面径流流态为急流,流速最大,土壤侵蚀率显著高于其他路形,且侵蚀泥沙颗粒粒径较大;在坡度5°和10°时,拱形和平直形路面水流流态为缓流,拱形路面产流产沙能力最弱,抵抗降雨侵蚀的能力最好。凹形和平直形路面对坡度的敏感性较高,随着坡度提升,产沙量和水流能量均有大幅提高,坡度对拱形和侧向形影响较弱。路形差异导致侵蚀特征迥异,在道路设计建设过程中,科学的路形搭配和"路-渠"组合能有效防治道路侵蚀,降低道路建设对生态环境的影响,该研究可为农村低等级道路建设和维护提供参考。 | 
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| Bibliography: | Wang Tianwei1, Yu Bing1, Liu Yaojun1,2,3, Li Zhaoxia1 (1. Research Center of Water and Soil Conservation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, China; 3. Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China) 11-2047/S soils; erosion; runoff; sediments; unpaved road; road surface shape; simulated rainfall Unpaved rural roads are thought to be one of the major sources of sediment in small watershed. Measurements of erosion from unpaved roads in rural regions will be taken to improve our ability to predict the delivery of sediment and its effects on water quality. Road surface shape is an important parameter of the road micro-structure. The road surface shape change the erosion features and play a great role in altering the runoff-sediment transportation processes of the road system. In this paper, 4 typical road surface shapes in rural regions of China were chosen to study the impact of surfac  | 
| ISSN: | 1002-6819 | 
| DOI: | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.19.023 |