杨麦间作系统对太湖流域土壤氮流失的削减效应
过量施肥造成的农业面源污染已成为太湖水质下降及富营养化的主要原因之一。该试验在距离太湖湖岸带约1 km的小麦种植区对2种杨麦间作密度(其株距均为2 m,行距分别为5 m(AS1)和15 m(AS2))削减土壤氮流失效应进行研究。结果表明:杨树林冠层对降雨的截留主要集中于4-10月,AS1间作密度下林冠层对降雨的截留幅度达8.6%~44.5%。由于林冠层对降雨的再分配作用导致的径流量AS1R(去除枯落物:Remove litter)处理显著低于AS2R和MSL0(单作麦地中未铺设枯落物处理)处理(P〈0.05)。在整个小麦生长季,AS1S(有枯落物覆盖:Save litter)处理径流中TN、N...
Saved in:
| Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 31; no. 16; pp. 167 - 177 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | Chinese |
| Published |
南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏省林业生态工程重点实验室,南京 210037
2015
南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京 210037%苏州市农业科学院/江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所,苏州,215155%江苏省环境监测中心,南京,210036 |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1002-6819 |
| DOI | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.16.023 |
Cover
| Summary: | 过量施肥造成的农业面源污染已成为太湖水质下降及富营养化的主要原因之一。该试验在距离太湖湖岸带约1 km的小麦种植区对2种杨麦间作密度(其株距均为2 m,行距分别为5 m(AS1)和15 m(AS2))削减土壤氮流失效应进行研究。结果表明:杨树林冠层对降雨的截留主要集中于4-10月,AS1间作密度下林冠层对降雨的截留幅度达8.6%~44.5%。由于林冠层对降雨的再分配作用导致的径流量AS1R(去除枯落物:Remove litter)处理显著低于AS2R和MSL0(单作麦地中未铺设枯落物处理)处理(P〈0.05)。在整个小麦生长季,AS1S(有枯落物覆盖:Save litter)处理径流中TN、NO3--N平均浓度、流失量均显著低于MSL0(P〈0.05)。60 cm土层AS1S平均淋溶水量、TN、NO3--N平均浓度和流失量与AS2S、MSL0之间均存在显著差异(P〈0.05)。在杨树落叶期,AS1系统有枯落物覆盖下地表径流量、TN、NO3--N平均浓度和流失量均显著低于无枯落物处理(P〈0.05)。而AS2系统有无枯落物覆盖之间差异则不显著(P〉0.05)。在去除冠层及枯落物影响后,AS1R处理60 cm土层淋溶水量、TN和NO3--N淋溶流失量均显著低于20cm土层(P〈0.05),而MSL0系统下20、40、60 cm之间差异均不显著(P〉0.05)。由此可见,株行距为2 m×5 m的杨麦间作密度对地表径流、淋溶及氮流失的削减效应更显著。 |
|---|---|
| Bibliography: | Agricultural non-point pollution caused by the overuse of fertilizer in farmland has become one of the main factors for water quality deterioration and eutrophication in Taihu Lake. In order to select suitable agroforestry intercropping system to control soil nitrogen loss in Taihu Lake basin, a study was conducted at a distance of 1 km away from the lakeshore to find out how poplar-wheat intercropping system with 2 kinds of densities (AS1: poplar spacing 2 mx5 m; and AS2: poplar spacing 2 mx 15 m) affected the amount of surface runoff, leaching and soil nitrogen loss. The interception of rainfall by the poplar canopy was mainly concentrated from April to October and ranged from 8.6% to 44.5%. The control effects of canopy layer on sprinkle and moderate rain (〈1.0 mm/h) were obvious, which were reduced by 47.7% on average. Rainfall interception by canopy was mainly related to the LAI (leaf area index). The volume of rainfall difference between AS1 and MS (monoculture system) was only 0.8% during the defoliate |
| ISSN: | 1002-6819 |
| DOI: | 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.16.023 |