生物质炭添加量对伊乐藻堆肥过程氮素损失的影响

为探讨高温堆肥中氮素损失的有效控制技术,研究以生物质炭为添加剂对伊乐藻与稻草混合堆肥过程中氮素损失的影响,通过静态高温好氧堆肥试验,设置了6个处理,即：CK（不添加生物质炭）、5个生物质炭不同添加量处理（以CK为基础,生物质炭添加量分别为CK堆体干基质量的6%、18%、30%、42%、54%）,监测了伊乐藻与稻草混合堆肥过程中堆温、氨挥发速率等相关指标的变化。结果表明,与CK相比,添加生物质炭可以提高堆温、延长高温期天数、缩短堆肥周期,堆肥周期减少天数与生物质炭添加量呈极显著的对数曲线相关（P〈0.01）;添加生物质炭可以显著降低堆肥过程中的氨累积挥发量（P〈0.05）,但与CK相比,生物质炭...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 32; no. 19; pp. 234 - 240
Main Author 王海候 金梅娟 徐军 严慧霞 陆长婴 施林林 周新伟 沈明星
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所，农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站，苏州 215155 2016
Subjects
伊乐藻
堆肥
氨
氮素损失
温度
生物质炭
温度
composting
生物质炭
堆肥
biochar
Elodea nuttallii
伊乐藻
氨
ammonia
temperature
氮素损失
nitrogen loss
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.19.032

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Summary:为探讨高温堆肥中氮素损失的有效控制技术,研究以生物质炭为添加剂对伊乐藻与稻草混合堆肥过程中氮素损失的影响,通过静态高温好氧堆肥试验,设置了6个处理,即：CK（不添加生物质炭）、5个生物质炭不同添加量处理（以CK为基础,生物质炭添加量分别为CK堆体干基质量的6%、18%、30%、42%、54%）,监测了伊乐藻与稻草混合堆肥过程中堆温、氨挥发速率等相关指标的变化。结果表明,与CK相比,添加生物质炭可以提高堆温、延长高温期天数、缩短堆肥周期,堆肥周期减少天数与生物质炭添加量呈极显著的对数曲线相关（P〈0.01）;添加生物质炭可以显著降低堆肥过程中的氨累积挥发量（P〈0.05）,但与CK相比,生物质炭添加量为6%、18%处理的氨累积挥发量分别增加了26.58%、6.34%,同时,氮素损失率亦高于CK处理;堆肥过程中氮素损失率与生物质炭添加量关系密切,呈显著的一元三次曲线相关（P〈0.05）,生物质炭的适宜添加量为27.11%-45%;根据不同影响因子的标准偏回归系数,对堆肥体氮素损失率的影响,由大到小依次为全氮、铵态氮、有机碳。
Bibliography:composting;ammonia;temperature;biochar;Elodea nuttallii;nitrogen loss
11-2047/S
Biochar has the potential to reduce nitrogen （N） loss during composting process mainly through mitigating ammonia or water-soluble ammonium. However, until now there is still less quantitative information on the impact of biochar amendments on the N loss as well as on the optimum addition amounts and mixture ratios of biochar and compost. To fill in this knowledge gap, in the present study, a laboratory-scale static aerobic reactor was employed in the composting process of aquatic plants （Elodea nuttallii）, in which different amounts of biochar amendment were applied. This experiment was composed of 6 treatments： 1） without biochar addition under traditional operation and composting condition, named as CK; and 2） with 5 different levels of biochar addition, the addition amount were 6%, 18%, 30%, 42% and 54% of the composting dry basis given in CK treatment, named as B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5, respectively. All the treatments applied the
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.19.032