关中平原不同降雨年型夏玉米临界氮稀释曲线模拟及验证

过量施氮和降雨变率大是陕西关中平原夏玉米种植中常见的2大问题,临界氮稀释曲线模型是诊断作物氮营养状况的有效手段。该研究选取关中平原主栽的6个夏玉米品种,设置了N0(0)、N1(86 kg/hm^2)、N2(172 kg/hm^2)和N3(258 kg/hm^2)共4个施氮水平,在2013年(生育前期正常,后期大旱)和2014年(生育前期大旱,后期偏涝)这2种降雨年型下构建和验证了基于全生育期干物质的夏玉米临界氮稀释曲线。结果表明:2 a条件下临界氮浓度与地上生物量均符合幂指数关系,但模型参数存在部分差异,基于临界氮稀释曲线所建立的氮营养指数可用来诊断夏玉米氮盈亏状态,诊断结果表明氮营养指数均随...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 31; no. 17; pp. 168 - 175
Main Author 强生才 张富仓 向友珍 张燕 闫世程 邢英英
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,中国旱区节水农业研究院,杨凌712100 2015
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.17.022

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Summary:过量施氮和降雨变率大是陕西关中平原夏玉米种植中常见的2大问题,临界氮稀释曲线模型是诊断作物氮营养状况的有效手段。该研究选取关中平原主栽的6个夏玉米品种,设置了N0(0)、N1(86 kg/hm^2)、N2(172 kg/hm^2)和N3(258 kg/hm^2)共4个施氮水平,在2013年(生育前期正常,后期大旱)和2014年(生育前期大旱,后期偏涝)这2种降雨年型下构建和验证了基于全生育期干物质的夏玉米临界氮稀释曲线。结果表明:2 a条件下临界氮浓度与地上生物量均符合幂指数关系,但模型参数存在部分差异,基于临界氮稀释曲线所建立的氮营养指数可用来诊断夏玉米氮盈亏状态,诊断结果表明氮营养指数均随着施氮量的增加而增加,且年型之间存在差异,最优施氮量介于86-172 kg/hm^2之间。制定不同降雨年型下夏玉米临界氮稀释模型对于指导精确施氮及生育季氮诊断具有重要的意义。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
Qiang Shengcai, Zhang Fucang, Xiang Youzhen, Zhang Yan, Yan Shicheng, Xing Yingying (College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education, Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A &F University, Yangling 712100, China)
precipitation; nitrogen fertilizers; diagnosis; summer maize; critical nitrogen concentration; nitrogen nutrition index; Guanzhong Plain
Guanzhong plain of Shaanxi Province is one of the main productions of summer maize, and faces 2 problems: 1) Annual and seasonal large rainfall variability can significantly affect dry matter accumulation of summer maize and growth; and 2) Nitrogen fertilizer is excessively applied because the increase of nitrogen rate application does not synchronize with the increase of maize yield, but lead to a series of environmental problems. The existing crop nitrogen diagnostic tool is time-consuming and costly, so e
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.17.022