深耕改善砂姜黑土理化性状提高小麦产量

为探明砂姜黑土农田适宜的耕作方式,进一步挖掘砂姜黑土生产潜力,发挥地域资源优势,以周麦27为试验材料,在大田条件下设置免耕、旋耕（15 cm）、深耕（30 cm）3种耕作方式,研究了耕作方式对砂姜黑土农田土壤容重、有机碳含量、无机氮含量以及小麦籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,在小麦苗期和成熟期,3种耕作方式处理间0-10 cm土层土壤容重差异不显著（P〉0.05）,但深耕处理显著降低〉10-30 cm土层土壤容重（P〈0.05）。在小麦苗期、越冬期、拔节期、开花期和成熟期,3种耕作方式对0-20 cm土层土壤有机碳含量的影响规律不明显,但深耕处理明显增加〉20-40 cm土层土壤有机碳含量;〉20-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in农业工程学报 Vol. 31; no. 10; pp. 167 - 173
Main Author 谢迎新 靳海洋 孟庆阳 王永华 王晨阳 贺德先 郭天财
Format Journal Article
LanguageChinese
Published 小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室/国家小麦工程技术研究中心/河南粮食作物协同创新中心/河南农业大学农学院,郑州,450002 2015
Subjects
产量
冬小麦
土壤
有机碳
氮
砂姜黑土
耕作方式
产量
nitrogen
winter wheat
grain yield
有机碳
氮
土壤
耕作方式
tillage practice
lime concretion black soil
砂姜黑土
soils
冬小麦
organic carbon
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ISSN1002-6819
DOI10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.10.022

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Summary:为探明砂姜黑土农田适宜的耕作方式,进一步挖掘砂姜黑土生产潜力,发挥地域资源优势,以周麦27为试验材料,在大田条件下设置免耕、旋耕（15 cm）、深耕（30 cm）3种耕作方式,研究了耕作方式对砂姜黑土农田土壤容重、有机碳含量、无机氮含量以及小麦籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,在小麦苗期和成熟期,3种耕作方式处理间0-10 cm土层土壤容重差异不显著（P〉0.05）,但深耕处理显著降低〉10-30 cm土层土壤容重（P〈0.05）。在小麦苗期、越冬期、拔节期、开花期和成熟期,3种耕作方式对0-20 cm土层土壤有机碳含量的影响规律不明显,但深耕处理明显增加〉20-40 cm土层土壤有机碳含量;〉20-40 cm土层土壤铵态氮含量均为深耕〉旋耕〉免耕。与免耕处理相比,深耕处理通过增加小麦穗粒数和千粒质量,最终促使籽粒产量增加16.33%。综上所述,在该试验条件下,在秸秆还田的基础上,小麦季30 cm深耕处理可以降低土壤容重,增加土壤有机碳含量,进而提高小麦籽粒产量,可作为砂姜黑土农田适宜的耕作方式。
Bibliography:11-2047/S
Xie Yingxin, Jin Haiyang, Meng Qingyang, Wang Yonghua, Wang Chenyang, He Dexian, Guo Tiancai （College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University~Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat/State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China）
soils;organic carbon;nitrogen;tillage practice;lime concretion black soil;winter wheat;grain yield
At present, rotary tillage is a conventional farming method in wheat-maize rotation system in North China Plain, however, under the rotary tillage year after year, plough pan tends to become shallow and harden, which results in poor ventilation and drainage, and also is hard to increase grain production, especially in the farmland of lime concretion black soil. Using ‘Zhoumai27’ as the test material, the field experiment was conducted to research the effects of 3 tillage practices （no tillage, rotary tillage and deep tillage） on grain yield of winter wheat, soil bulk density, soil organi
ISSN:1002-6819
DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.10.022