Vaccine Induction of Antibodies against a Structurally Heterogeneous Site of Immune Pressure within HIV-1 Envelope Protein Variable Regions 1 and 2

• Published in: Immunity (Cambridge, Mass.) Vol. 38; no. 1; pp. 176 - 186
• Main Authors: Liao, Hua-Xin, Bonsignori, Mattia, Alam, S. Munir, McLellan, Jason S., Tomaras, Georgia D., Moody, M. Anthony, Kozink, Daniel M., Hwang, Kwan-Ki, Chen, Xi, Tsao, Chun-Yen, Liu, Pinghuang, Lu, Xiaozhi, Parks, Robert J., Montefiori, David C., Ferrari, Guido, Pollara, Justin, Rao, Mangala, Peachman, Kristina K., Santra, Sampa, Letvin, Norman L., Karasavvas, Nicos, Yang, Zhi-Yong, Dai, Kaifan, Pancera, Marie, Gorman, Jason, Wiehe, Kevin, Nicely, Nathan I., Rerks-Ngarm, Supachai, Nitayaphan, Sorachai, Kaewkungwal, Jaranit, Pitisuttithum, Punnee, Tartaglia, James, Sinangil, Faruk, Kim, Jerome H., Michael, Nelson L., Kepler, Thomas B., Kwong, Peter D., Mascola, John R., Nabel, Gary J., Pinter, Abraham, Zolla-Pazner, Susan, Haynes, Barton F.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 24.01.2013; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; AIDS; AIDS Vaccines - immunology; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution - immunology; Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology; Antibodies, Monoclonal - metabolism; Binding sites; HIV Antibodies - chemistry; HIV Antibodies - immunology; HIV Antibodies - metabolism; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - chemistry; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - immunology; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - metabolism; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Humans; Infections; Ligands; Lymphocytes; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptides - chemistry; Peptides - immunology; Peptides - metabolism; Protein Binding - immunology; Protein Conformation; Proteins; Vaccines; Viruses
• ISSN: 1074-7613; 1097-4180; 1097-4180
• DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.11.011

The RV144 HIV-1 trial of the canary pox vector (ALVAC-HIV) plus the gp120 AIDSVAX B/E vaccine demonstrated an estimated efficacy of 31%, which correlated directly with antibodies to HIV-1 envelope variable regions 1 and 2 (V1-V2). Genetic analysis of trial viruses revealed increased vaccine efficacy against viruses matching the vaccine strain at V2 residue 169. Here, we isolated four V2 monoclonal antibodies from RV144 vaccinees that recognize residue 169, neutralize laboratory-adapted HIV-1, and mediate killing of field-isolate HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cells. Crystal structures of two of the V2 antibodies demonstrated that residue 169 can exist within divergent helical and loop conformations, which contrasted dramatically with the β strand conformation previously observed with a broadly neutralizing antibody PG9. Thus, RV144 vaccine-induced immune pressure appears to target a region that may be both sequence variable and structurally polymorphic. Variation may signal sites of HIV-1 envelope vulnerability, providing vaccine designers with new options. ► mAbs recognize HIV-1 envelope V2 region that is a site of vaccine-induce immune pressure ► The V2 antibodies target the regions shared partially with broad neutralizing HIV-1 mAbs ► Vaccine-induced V2 antibodies share a light chain signature that is critical for binding ► V2 antibodies bind to field HIV-1 isolate Envs expressed on CD4+ infected T cells