模拟径流条件下工程堆积体陡坡土壤侵蚀过程
工程建设过程中形成的堆积体具有独特的土壤组成及复杂的下垫面条件,堆积体表面土壤结构体缺失、土质松散、植物根系及有机质缺乏等,导致其土壤抗冲性极差,径流条件下堆积体陡坡坡面的土壤侵蚀过程亦表现出不同的特点,该文通过野外放水试验,对高速公路沿线典型堆积体陡坡(36°)在模拟径流冲刷条件下的土壤侵蚀过程进行了研究,结果表明,次径流过程中径流强度变化与放水强度及径流含沙量密切相关,三者之间呈多元线性相关;重力侵蚀对径流含沙量的变化具有重要影响,试验条件下重力作用的临界放水条件在20~25L/min之间;坡面产沙过程存在产沙量的突变、波动变化和稳定发展3个阶段;不同坡段产沙量的空间分布存在持续稳定减小和...
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Published in | 农业工程学报 Vol. 29; no. 8; pp. 145 - 153 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | Chinese |
Published |
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌 712100%西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,杨凌 712100%西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌 712100
2013
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
ISSN | 1002-6819 |
DOI | 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.08.017 |
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Summary: | 工程建设过程中形成的堆积体具有独特的土壤组成及复杂的下垫面条件,堆积体表面土壤结构体缺失、土质松散、植物根系及有机质缺乏等,导致其土壤抗冲性极差,径流条件下堆积体陡坡坡面的土壤侵蚀过程亦表现出不同的特点,该文通过野外放水试验,对高速公路沿线典型堆积体陡坡(36°)在模拟径流冲刷条件下的土壤侵蚀过程进行了研究,结果表明,次径流过程中径流强度变化与放水强度及径流含沙量密切相关,三者之间呈多元线性相关;重力侵蚀对径流含沙量的变化具有重要影响,试验条件下重力作用的临界放水条件在20~25L/min之间;坡面产沙过程存在产沙量的突变、波动变化和稳定发展3个阶段;不同坡段产沙量的空间分布存在持续稳定减小和震荡式波动衰减2种变化形式;土壤剥蚀率与单宽流量呈线性关系,与时段产沙量及流宽呈幂函数关系;最后,时段产沙量与时段径流量呈幂函数关系,累积产沙量与累积径流量呈线性关系。 |
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Bibliography: | 11-2047/S soil; erosion; runoff; engineering accumulation; loess hilly region; steep slope Zhang Letao , Gao Zhaoliang ,※ , Li yonghong , , Tian Hongwei (1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS & MWR, Yangling 712100, China; 2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation , Northwest A & F University , Yang ling 712100, China; 3. College of Resource Environmental Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China) Deposits during the process of engineering construction have unique soil constitution and complex conditions of underlying surface, characterized by weaken anti-scourabilty attributed to loose textures, lacks of soil structures, insufficient plant roots, soil organic matter deficiency and so on. Erosion response of steep deposit slope to hydrodynamic conditions show different characteristics, a set of field pouring water scouring experiments were conducted on steep slope with 72.7% gradient and 12-meter length of typical spoil ground along the line of freeway to investigate the |
ISSN: | 1002-6819 |
DOI: | 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.08.017 |